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Related Experiment Video

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Diffusion Tensor Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Analysis of Neurodegenerative Diseases
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Diffusion tensor imaging in hyperthyroidism: assessment of microstructural white matter abnormality with a

Kerim Aslan1, Hediye Pinar Gunbey2, Sumeyra Cortcu3

  • 1Department of Radiology, Ondokuz Mayis University Faculty of Medicine, Samsun, Turkey.

Acta Radiologica (Stockholm, Sweden : 1987)
|March 24, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Hyperthyroidism alters white matter (WM) microstructure, increasing radial diffusivity (RD) more than decreasing axial diffusivity (AD). These findings suggest demyelination as a key mechanism in hyperthyroid brain changes.

Keywords:
Hyperthyroidismaxial diffusivitydiffusion tensor imagingradial diffusivitytract-based spatial statistical analysis

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroimaging
  • Endocrinology
  • Neurology

Background:

  • Metabolic, morphological, and functional brain changes are known in hyperthyroidism.
  • Microstructural white matter (WM) alterations, crucial for understanding brain dysfunction pathophysiology, remain under-researched in hyperthyroidism.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate microstructural WM abnormalities in hyperthyroid patients using tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS).
  • To assess diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) metrics in untreated or newly diagnosed hyperthyroidism.

Main Methods:

  • Employed tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS) for whole-brain voxel-wise analysis.
  • Analyzed diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) metrics including fractional anisotropy, mean diffusivity, axial diffusivity (AD), and radial diffusivity (RD).
  • Included 18 hyperthyroid patients and 14 healthy controls matched for age and sex.

Main Results:

  • Hyperthyroid patients showed significantly increased radial diffusivity (RD) in multiple WM tracts, including the corpus callosum and corona radiata.
  • A significant decrease in axial diffusivity (AD) was observed in the anterior corona radiata and genu of the corpus callosum in hyperthyroid patients.
  • Increased RD was more widespread than decreased AD across WM tracts.

Conclusions:

  • Microstructural WM alterations are evident in hyperthyroidism.
  • Increased RD, suggesting demyelination, appears to be the primary mechanism driving WM changes in hyperthyroid patients.
  • These findings highlight the impact of hyperthyroidism on white matter integrity.