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Inducement and Evaluation of a Murine Model of Experimental Myopia
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Myopia management in the Netherlands.

Caroline Klaver1,2,3, Jan Roelof Polling1,4,

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology and Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.

Ophthalmic & Physiological Optics : the Journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists)
|March 24, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Myopia is increasing globally, especially in East Asian populations. Effective myopia management strategies, including pharmacological and optical interventions, are crucial for preventing high myopia and associated vision impairment.

Keywords:
axial lengthatropinehigh myopia riskmyopic growth curves

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology and Optometry
  • Public Health
  • Clinical Research

Background:

  • Myopia prevalence is rising worldwide, with high rates in East Asian urban populations and significant increases in Europe.
  • High myopia, defined by a spherical equivalent of -6 or more and axial length of 26 mm or more, is also increasing.
  • Long axial length in high myopia poses a significant risk for serious ocular pathologies, underscoring the need for early intervention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To address the growing global prevalence of myopia and the rise of high myopia.
  • To highlight the critical need for effective myopia management strategies in children with progressive myopia.
  • To emphasize the importance of preventing progression to high myopia and subsequent visual impairment.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent intervention studies focusing on myopia progression.
  • Evaluation of pharmacological interventions, including various concentrations of atropine.
  • Assessment of optical interventions such as Orthokeratology (Ortho-K) and multifocal contact lenses.
  • Development of a personalized myopia management strategy based on multiple clinical and lifestyle factors.

Main Results:

  • Pharmacological and optical interventions show higher efficacy in reducing eye growth compared to lifestyle adjustments.
  • High-concentration atropine (0.5%-1.0%) is most effective for axial length reduction but may cause side effects.
  • Multifocal photochromatic glasses can mitigate atropine side effects, improving adherence.
  • Optical interventions like Ortho-K and multifocal contact lenses show promise but require further large-scale, long-term studies.

Conclusions:

  • A personalized approach to myopia management, considering age, axial length, progression rate, and risk factors, is essential.
  • This individualized strategy optimizes long-term myopia control.
  • Effective myopia management is vital for preventing future visual impairment and blindness.