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The Role of Multimicronutrient Supplementation in Pediatric HIV Management in Nigeria: A Randomized Controlled Study

Regina Esiovwa1, Jean Rankin1, Agatha David2

  • 1School of Health and Life Sciences, University of the West of Scotland, Paisley, Scotland, United Kingdom.

Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society
|March 24, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Three multimicronutrient supplements showed equivalent effects on CD4 counts in children with HIV. All groups experienced significant hemoglobin increases, with no differences between supplement types.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Nutrition
  • Immunology
  • Hematology

Background:

  • Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive children in Lagos, Nigeria, face challenges with immunologic and hematologic parameters.
  • Multimicronutrient supplementation is a potential intervention to support these children's health.
  • Understanding the impact of different supplement formulations is crucial for optimizing care.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the immunologic and hematologic effects of three different multimicronutrient supplements.
  • To evaluate changes in CD4 count and hemoglobin levels in HIV-positive children receiving varying micronutrient doses.
  • To determine if higher doses or broader spectrums of micronutrients offer additional benefits.

Main Methods:

  • A double-blind, randomized controlled study involving 190 HIV-positive children aged 5-12 years in Lagos, Nigeria.
  • Participants received one of three multimicronutrient supplements (7, 22, or 22 micronutrients at 1x or 3x RDA) for 6 months.
  • Paired sample t tests and factorial repeat-measures ANOVA were used to analyze changes in CD4 count and hemoglobin.

Main Results:

  • No significant differences in CD4 cell counts from baseline or between groups after 6 months of supplementation.
  • Hemoglobin levels significantly increased in all three supplement groups.
  • The magnitude of hemoglobin increase did not significantly differ between the groups.

Conclusions:

  • All tested multimicronutrient supplements demonstrated equivalent effects on CD4 cell counts in HIV-positive children.
  • Significant improvements in hemoglobin were observed across all supplement groups, indicating a general benefit of supplementation.
  • The study suggests that standard-of-care multivitamin levels are sufficient for improving hemoglobin, with no added benefit from higher or broader micronutrient doses for these specific outcomes.
Abstract

Keywords:
HIVNigeriamicronutrientspediatricrandomized controlled study

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