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Related Concept Videos

Wind Turbine Machine Models01:24

Wind Turbine Machine Models

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In the growing field of wind energy, incorporating wind turbine models into transient stability analysis is essential. Induction and synchronous machines are the primary models used, with induction machines being prevalent due to their simplicity and reliability.
Induction machines interact through the rotating magnetic field generated by the stator and the rotor. The key parameter is slip, which is the difference between synchronous speed and rotor speed relative to synchronous speed. Slip is...
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Turbine-Governor Control01:17

Turbine-Governor Control

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Turbine-governor control is crucial for maintaining power system stability by balancing turbine mechanical power output with electrical load demand. This mechanism ensures that generator frequency and rotor speed are within acceptable limits during load variations. Turbine-generator units store kinetic energy due to their rotating masses; this energy is released to meet the load requirement when the load increases. The electrical torque of turbines rises to meet the demand, whereas the...
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Generator Voltage Control01:21

Generator Voltage Control

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Generator voltage control is crucial for maintaining the stable operation of synchronous generators and wind turbines. In older models, a DC generator driven by the rotor delivers DC power to the rotor's field winding, and the power is transferred through slip rings and brushes. In the latest models, static or brushless exciters are used. Static exciters rectify AC power from the generator terminals and then transfer the DC power directly to the rotor. Brushless exciters, on the other hand, use...
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Generation of Three-Phase Voltage01:21

Generation of Three-Phase Voltage

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A three-phase AC generator has a rotor with a rotating magnet placed within the stator mounted with the stationary three-phase winding to generate three-phase voltages via mutual induction. These windings are evenly distributed around the inner circumference of the stator and are arranged 120 electrical degrees apart. Three-phase stator windings consist of three separate coils or groups of coils, known as phases, each connected in Y (star) configuration or Delta configuration.
As the rotor...
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Simplified Synchronous Machine Model01:30

Simplified Synchronous Machine Model

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The Synchronous Machine Model is a fundamental tool in analyzing and ensuring the transient stability of power systems. This model simplifies the representation of a synchronous machine under balanced three-phase positive-sequence conditions, assuming constant excitation and ignoring losses and saturation. The model is pivotal for understanding the behavior of synchronous generators connected to a power grid, particularly during transient events.
In this model, each generator is connected to a...
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Work and Energy for Variable Forces01:10

Work and Energy for Variable Forces

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When an object is acted upon by a variable force, the amount of work done and the change in energy of the object can be more complex to calculate compared to when a constant force is applied. Work is the product of force and displacement, while energy is the capacity of a system to do work. When a constant force is applied to an object, the work done can be calculated as the product of the force and the distance moved in the direction of the force. However, when a variable force is applied, the...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 25, 2025

Measurements of Waves in a Wind-wave Tank Under Steady and Time-varying Wind Forcing
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Harvesting Variable-Speed Wind Energy with a Dynamic Multi-Stable Configuration.

Yuansheng Wang1, Zhiyong Zhou1,2, Qi Liu1

  • 1Department of Engineering Mechanics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.

Materials (Basel, Switzerland)
|March 25, 2020
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a novel piezoelectric energy harvester that utilizes dynamic multi-stability for efficient variable-speed wind energy capture. The device demonstrates robust performance across a wide range of wind speeds, ensuring consistent power generation.

Keywords:
dynamic stabilitysnap-through motionvariable-speedwind energy harvesting

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Last Updated: Dec 25, 2025

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Area of Science:

  • Energy Harvesting
  • Mechanical Engineering
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Variable-speed wind energy harvesting presents challenges due to fluctuating wind conditions.
  • Traditional energy harvesters often struggle to maintain optimal performance across diverse wind speeds.
  • Multi-stable systems offer potential for enhanced energy capture through complex dynamic behaviors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose and validate a dynamic multi-stable energy harvester for variable-speed wind.
  • To investigate the system's transition from bi-stability to tri-stability with increasing wind speed.
  • To demonstrate the harvester's capability for generating significant electrical output under variable wind conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Theoretical analysis of a piezoelectric beam and rectangular plate configuration.
  • Fabrication of a prototype with integrated piezoelectric material.
  • Experimental validation with wind speeds ranging from 1.5 to 7.5 m/s.

Main Results:

  • The proposed harvester exhibits bi-stability at low wind speeds and dynamic tri-stability at high wind speeds.
  • Experimental results confirm substantial energy generation across the tested wind speed range (1.5-7.5 m/s).
  • Dynamic stability facilitates snap-through motion, enabling coherence resonance and consistent large output.

Conclusions:

  • The dynamic multi-stable configuration is effective for harvesting variable-speed wind energy.
  • The system's ability to maintain snap-through motion and achieve coherence resonance ensures reliable power generation.
  • This piezoelectric harvester offers a promising solution for efficient energy capture in fluctuating wind environments.