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Screening Bioactive Nanoparticles in Phagocytic Immune Cells for Inhibitors of Toll-like Receptor Signaling
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Biological Function and Immunotherapy Utilizing Phosphatidylserine-based Nanoparticles.

Fiona Y Glassman1,2, Robert Dingman1, Helena C Yau3

  • 1Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University at Buffalo, the State University of New York , Buffalo, New York, USA.

Immunological Investigations
|March 25, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Phosphatidylserine (PS) exposure during apoptosis signals cellular uptake, promoting immune tolerance. This immune regulatory property of PS has therapeutic potential for autoimmune diseases and reducing protein immunogenicity.

Keywords:
ApoptosisLipidsimmunogenicity Mitigationimmunologyphospholipids/phosphatidylserinereceptors

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Phosphatidylserine (PS) is an anionic phospholipid in eukaryotic cell membranes.
  • PS externalization during apoptosis acts as a phagocytic signal for apoptotic cell clearance.
  • Emerging research suggests PS exposure actively induces immune tolerance, not just silent clearance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the biological functions of Phosphatidylserine (PS) in immune responses.
  • To explore the immune regulatory properties of PS exposure.
  • To discuss the potential therapeutic applications of PS-mediated tolerance induction.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on Phosphatidylserine (PS) function in immunity.
  • Analysis of the mechanisms of PS externalization during apoptosis.
  • Examination of how pathogens exploit PS exposure for immune evasion.

Main Results:

  • PS externalization is a key 'eat me' signal for phagocytosis, maintaining self-tolerance.
  • PS exposure promotes active immune tolerance towards self and foreign antigens.
  • Parasites and viruses utilize PS exposure to evade host immune surveillance.

Conclusions:

  • Phosphatidylserine (PS) plays a critical role in immune regulation beyond simple apoptotic cell clearance.
  • The immune tolerance-inducing properties of PS offer novel therapeutic avenues.
  • Harnessing PS-mediated tolerance could treat autoimmune diseases and improve biotherapeutic safety.