Impaired brain network architecture in Cushing's disease based on graph theoretical analysis

Area of Science:

• Neuroscience
• Endocrinology
• Medical Imaging

Background:

• Cushing disease (CD) is a rare endocrine disorder caused by prolonged exposure to excess cortisol.
• Understanding the neurobiological underpinnings of CD is crucial for effective management.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate whole-brain functional network alterations in active Cushing disease patients.
• To compare topological parameters of functional brain networks between active CD patients and healthy controls (NC).

Main Methods:

• Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was performed on 19 active CD patients and 22 healthy controls.
• Graph theoretical analysis was employed to assess functional brain network organization and topological parameters.

Main Results:

• Active CD patients showed higher global efficiency and shortest path length, but reduced cluster efficiency compared to NCs.
• A heightened small-world network organization was observed in active CD patients.
• Significant decreases in rich club, feeder, and local connections were found in active CD patients.

Conclusions:

• Functional network properties are disrupted in active Cushing disease patients.
• These network alterations provide insights into the pathophysiological mechanisms of CD.