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Factors determining health behaviours of the 50+ population with cardiovascular diseases
Izabela Gąska1, Katarzyna Maria Sygit2, Elżbieta Cipora1
1Jan Grodek State Vocational Academy, Sanok, Poland.
Insights
Cardiovascular diseases are a major global threat. This study identifies key factors influencing health behaviors in individuals over 50 with these conditions, highlighting demographic and social determinants.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Cardiology
- Behavioral Science
Background:
- Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) pose a significant global health risk, impacting Poland, Europe, and worldwide.
- Implementing effective health behaviors is crucial for mitigating the occurrence and progression of CVDs.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify and analyze the factors that shape health behaviors in individuals aged 50 and above diagnosed with cardiovascular diseases.
- To understand the determinants influencing health-related actions within this specific demographic.
Main Methods:
- A diagnostic survey was conducted among 411 participants over 50 years old with diagnosed cardiovascular diseases.
- Data were collected using an author-developed questionnaire and the Inventory of Health-Related Behaviours (IHB).
- Statistical analysis was performed using R software (version 3.5.1).
Main Results:
- Coronary heart disease was the most prevalent condition (63.75%) in the study cohort.
- The majority of respondents exhibited moderate levels of health behaviors (41.12%) according to the IHB, with health practices being the strongest area and positive mental attitude being weaker.
- Significant associations were found between health behavior intensity and age, gender, BMI, place of residence, education, professional activity, and marital status.
Conclusions:
- Anti-health behaviors were more common than health-promoting ones among the study participants.
- Key demographic factors like age and gender significantly influence health behaviors in individuals with CVDs.
- Higher education, healthy body mass, urban residence, and marriage were associated with better health behaviors in women with CVDs.
Introduction:
The biggest threat to life are cardiovascular diseases which are a serious problem in Poland, Europe, and worldwide. Therefore, it has become important to have proper health behaviours which significantly eliminate the occurrence and development of cardiovascular diseases.
Objective:
The main aim of this study is to present factors that determine health behaviours of the 50+ population with cardiovascular diseases.
Material And Methods:
The study was carried out among 411 individuals aged over 50 with cardiovascular diseases. The method used was a diagnostic survey. The study involved an authors' survey questionnaire and the Inventory of Health-Related Behaviours (IHB). A detailed statistical analysis was carried out in the R programme, version 3.5.1.
Results:
The most common disease in the study group was coronary heart disease - 63.75%. The majority of respondents showed (via Inventory of Health-Related Behaviour [IHB]) that the level of their health behaviours was moderate - 41.12%; the highest level of health behaviours in the study group were related to health practices, while a slightly lower level was observed in the area of positive mental attitude. Statistical significance was also found between the level of intensity of health behaviours and age, gender, BMI, place of residence, education, professional activity and marital status of the respondents.
Conclusions:
Anti-health behaviours were predominant among the respondents; significant demographic and social factors determining health behaviour were determined, such as age and gender; a high level of health behaviours was found in the group of women with higher education and correct body mass, living in cities and married.
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