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Feeding and developmental outcomes of infants in a South African community

Bronwyn Eales1, Esedra Krüger1, Marien Graham2

  • 1Department of Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa.

Primary Health Care Research & Development
|March 27, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Early feeding issues in infants are linked to developmental challenges. Cup feeding may affect language, while poor sucking is tied to behavioral problems, highlighting the need for early intervention in lower-middle-income countries (LMICs).

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Infants in lower-middle-income countries (LMICs) face environmental risks impacting feeding and development.
  • Feeding difficulties can cascade into broader developmental challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between infant feeding practices and developmental outcomes.
  • To identify specific feeding issues associated with developmental delays.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of feeding and development data from 144 infants.
  • Study conducted at a primary health care clinic in Gauteng, South Africa.
  • Infants' mean age was 8.8 months (SD 2.2).

Main Results:

  • Early cup feeding predicted expressive language and articulation difficulties.
  • Gagging, spitting, vomiting, pocketing, force feeding, and poor sucking were linked to behavioral and social-emotional issues.
  • Breastfeeding demonstrated a protective effect on language development.

Conclusions:

  • Early identification and intervention for feeding risks are crucial in LMICs.
  • Addressing feeding difficulties can mitigate long-term developmental consequences.
  • Primary prevention strategies are essential for infant well-being in resource-limited settings.
Abstract

Keywords:
South Africaearly interventioninfant developmentinfant feedinglower-middle-income countriesresource-limited community

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