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Updated: Dec 25, 2025

Data Processing Methods for 3D Seismic Imaging of Subsurface Volcanoes: Applications to the Tarim Flood Basalt

Data Processing Methods for 3D Seismic Imaging of Subsurface Volcanoes: Applications to the Tarim Flood Basalt

Published on: August 7, 2017

Pilot study of eruption forecasting with muography using convolutional neural network.

Yukihiro Nomura¹, Mitsutaka Nemoto², Naoto Hayashi³

¹Department of Computational Diagnostic Radiology and Preventive Medicine, The University of Tokyo Hospital, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan. nomuray-tky@umin.ac.jp.

Scientific Reports

|March 27, 2020

Summary

Muography, using cosmic muons to image volcanoes, shows potential for eruption forecasting. A convolutional neural network (CNN) analyzed muographic images to predict volcanic activity.

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Published on: September 5, 2020

Area of Science:

Geophysics
Volcanology
Particle Physics

Background:

Muography utilizes cosmic muons for non-invasive imaging of dense structures.
Active volcanoes present unique challenges for internal monitoring and eruption prediction.

Purpose of the Study:

To demonstrate the feasibility of muography for volcanic eruption forecasting.
To develop and assess a machine learning model for predicting eruptions.

Main Methods:

Employed muography to capture daily images of Sakurajima volcano's internal structure.
Utilized a convolutional neural network (CNN) trained with Bayesian optimization to analyze image data.
Inputted seven consecutive daily muographic images to predict eruption probability on the eighth day.

Main Results:

The CNN model achieved an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.726.
Demonstrated a reasonable correlation between muographic image data and volcanic eruption events.
Validated the approach using data from Sakurajima volcano, Japan.

Conclusions:

Muography shows significant potential as a tool for forecasting volcanic eruptions.
The integration of muography and machine learning offers a promising avenue for volcanic hazard assessment.