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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 25, 2025

Visualizing and Quantifying Pharmaceutical Compounds within Skin using Coherent Raman Scattering Imaging

Visualizing and Quantifying Pharmaceutical Compounds within Skin using Coherent Raman Scattering Imaging

Published on: November 24, 2021

Time-resolved fluorescence microscopy with phasor analysis for visualizing multicomponent topical drug distribution

Sinyoung Jeong¹, Daniel A Greenfield^1,2, Maiko Hermsmeier³

¹Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.

Scientific Reports

|March 27, 2020

Summary

A new method using fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) visualizes drug distribution in skin. This technique accurately quantifies topical drug delivery for active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) like minocycline and tazarotene.

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Last Updated: Dec 25, 2025

Visualizing and Quantifying Pharmaceutical Compounds within Skin using Coherent Raman Scattering Imaging

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Published on: November 24, 2021

Correlative Optical Spectroscopy and Mass Spectrometry Imaging Methodology to Visualise Drug Distribution in a Soft Tissue Section

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Published on: June 20, 2025

In Vivo Two-Color 2-Photon Imaging of Genetically-Tagged Reporter Cells in the Skin

In Vivo Two-Color 2-Photon Imaging of Genetically-Tagged Reporter Cells in the Skin

Published on: July 11, 2019

Area of Science:

Dermatology
Pharmacokinetics
Biomedical Imaging

Background:

Understanding drug candidate pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters is crucial for drug development.
Topical drug delivery and efficacy evaluation require investigation of active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) penetration and distribution.
Acne vulgaris treatment necessitates direct delivery of antibiotics and retinoids to the pilosebaceous unit.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a selective visualization method for monitoring and quantifying local drug distributions within human skin.
To evaluate the uptake of APIs in human facial skin and confirm accurate drug delivery.
To demonstrate the utility of fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) for visualizing multicomponent drug localization.

Main Methods:

Development of a selective visualization method using FLIM paired with a multicomponent phasor analysis algorithm.
Utilizing the distinct fluorescence lifetimes of minocycline and tazarotene compared to skin's autofluorescence for visualization.
Analysis of FLIM output to determine local distributions of minocycline and tazarotene within the skin.

Main Results:

Successful visualization and quantification of local drug distributions of minocycline and tazarotene within human skin.
Demonstration that FLIM can differentiate and localize multiple APIs based on their unique fluorescence lifetimes.
Confirmation of accurate drug delivery and uptake of APIs within the skin.

Conclusions:

The developed FLIM approach enables precise monitoring and quantification of topical drug distribution in skin.
This method is generalizable for multicomponent fluorescence lifetime imaging requiring cellular resolution and molecular specificity.
This technique supports the evaluation of drug delivery and efficacy for topical formulations like BPX-05.