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Close to a Decade of Decrease in Antimicrobial Usage in Danish Pig Production-Evaluating the Effect of the Yellow
Ana Carolina Lopes Antunes1, Vibeke Frøkjær Jensen1
1Division for Diagnostics & Scientific Advice-Epidemiology, Center for Diagnostics, National Veterinary Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark.
Frontiers in Veterinary Science
|March 27, 2020
Summary
Denmark
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Medicine
- Epidemiology
- Animal Health Economics
Background:
- Rising antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global concern, driven by excessive antimicrobial use in livestock.
- Denmark has proactively reduced antimicrobial consumption in food-producing animals since the 1990s.
- The Yellow Card scheme, introduced in 2010, aimed to curb antimicrobial use in Danish pig farming.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the impact of legislative changes to Denmark's Yellow Card scheme on antimicrobial consumption in pig herds.
- To analyze temporal trends in monthly antimicrobial use from 2010 to 2017 across different age groups and consumption categories.
- To identify specific periods and herd types most affected by the Yellow Card initiative.
Main Methods:
- Utilized a dynamic linear model with a linear growth component to analyze herd-level antimicrobial consumption data.
- Assessed the percentage of herds exhibiting a significant negative growth trend in antimicrobial use.
- Stratified analysis by age group (weaners, sows, finishers) and pre-initiative consumption levels (low, moderate, high).
Main Results:
- Antimicrobial consumption in Danish pig herds significantly declined, particularly following the Yellow Card's introduction and legislative updates in 2014.
- Herds with initially high antimicrobial use, especially weaner herds, showed the most pronounced reductions.
- Significant declines were observed across weaner, sow, and finisher herds, indicating broad effectiveness of the scheme.
Conclusions:
- The Yellow Card scheme and subsequent legislative adjustments have effectively reduced antimicrobial use in Danish pig production.
- Targeted interventions, especially for high-consumption herds, are crucial for mitigating antimicrobial resistance.
- The Danish experience provides a model for other regions seeking to control antimicrobial usage in animal agriculture.
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