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This study introduces a novel colorimetric method for accurate quantification on paper-based analytical devices (μPADs). The technique overcomes limitations like uneven dye distribution, enabling reliable analysis without complex device designs.

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Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Microfluidic paper-based analytical devices (μPADs) are widely developed but suffer from colorimetric analysis inaccuracies.
  • Limitations include heterogeneous color distribution, non-uniform detection areas, and paper substrate noise.
  • Existing μPADs often require defined channels or hydrophobic barriers for reliable performance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a robust colorimetric method for quantifying analytes on paper substrates without defined structures.
  • To address limitations of existing μPADs, enhancing accuracy and simplifying device design.
  • To enable reliable quantification of freely discharged dye on bare paper.

Main Methods:

  • A pixel-level colorimetric quantification method using RGB values was developed.
  • Noise from the paper structure was eliminated to extract accurate absorbance information.
  • Analyte quantity was calculated by integrating pixel-level absorbance and quantity conversions.
  • The method was applied to a potassium-selective sensor using thioflavin T dye.

Main Results:

  • The developed method accurately quantifies dye regardless of spot shape (cross, circle, rod).
  • Analyte quantity was successfully determined using a flatbed scanner and smartphone.
  • The approach eliminates the need for channels or barriers on the paper substrate.
  • Accurate absorbance information was extracted at the pixel level after noise reduction.

Conclusions:

  • This automated colorimetric computation method enhances the reliability of paper-based assays.
  • The approach simplifies the design and application of paper-based analytical devices.
  • It holds potential for more accessible and real-world applicable analytical systems.
  • The method offers a pathway to overcome common limitations in μPAD colorimetric analysis.