Related Experiment Video
Updated: Dec 25, 2025

Generic Protocol for Optimization of Heterologous Protein Production Using Automated Microbioreactor Technology
Published on: December 15, 2017
Metabolic engineering to improve the biomanufacturing efficiency of acetic acid bacteria: advances and prospects
Ling Gao1,2, Xiaodan Wu3, Cailin Zhu3
1State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, PR China.
Abstract:
With the high tolerance for acetic acid and abundant multifunctional enzymes, acetic acid bacteria (AAB), as valuable biocatalysts, exhibit great advantages during industrial acetic acid production and value-added chemical fermentation. However, low biomass and a low production rates arising from acid stress remains major hurdles in industrial processes. Engineering AAB with excellent properties is expected to obtain economically viable production and facilitates their biotechnological applications. Here, the investigation of acetic acid-tolerance mechanisms and metabolic features is discussed, and effective targets are provided for the metabolic engineering of AAB. Next, we review the advances in improving AAB and compare these advances with improvement to other model acid-tolerant microorganisms. Furthermore, future directions involving the combination of systems biology and synthetic biology to achieve efficient biomanufacturing in AAB are highlighted.
Related Concept Videos
Microbial Fermentation
Microorganisms in Agriculture and Food industry
Biosynthesis in Bacteria
Fates of Pyruvate
In aerobic organisms, pyruvate is metabolized via the citric acid cycle to produce reduced coenzymes NADH and FADH2. These coenzymes are then oxidized in the electron transport chain to produce ATP and, in the process, regenerate the NAD+ and FAD. As seen in some cell types and organisms, fermentation...
Environmental Applications of Microorganisms
Amino Acid Catabolism

