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Wilhelm Johannisson1, Ross Harnden1, Dan Zenkert2

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Researchers developed a lightweight, solid-state morphing composite using carbon fibers and a battery electrolyte. This electrically controlled material offers high stiffness and large shape changes, paving the way for advanced morphing applications.

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electrically controlledhigh stiffnesssolid statestructural compositeszero-power hold

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Composite Materials
  • Solid-State Engineering

Background:

  • Shape-changing structures offer efficiency but often suffer from high weight and maintenance demands.
  • Existing solid-state morphing materials are typically non-structural and difficult to control, limiting their practical use.
  • There is a need for lightweight, stiff, and controllable solid-state morphing materials.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a novel electrically controlled, solid-state morphing composite material.
  • To demonstrate a lightweight material with stiffness exceeding aluminum.
  • To explore the potential for large, controllable deformations in solid-state materials.

Main Methods:

  • Manufacturing a composite from commercial carbon fibers and a structural battery electrolyte.
  • Utilizing lithium-ion insertion at low voltages to induce shape changes.
  • Conducting experiments with a cantilever setup and analytical modeling to validate performance.

Main Results:

  • The developed composite material is lightweight and exhibits stiffness greater than aluminum.
  • The material is capable of producing large deformations and maintaining them without continuous power input.
  • Experimental observations showed good correlation with analytical modeling predictions.

Conclusions:

  • The presented solid-state morphing composite offers a promising solution for lightweight, stiff, and controllable shape-changing applications.
  • The use of lithium-ion insertion provides an effective mechanism for low-voltage actuation.
  • This work paves the way for the development of advanced stiff, solid-state morphing materials.