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Alendronic Acid as Ionic Liquid: New Perspective on Osteosarcoma.

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New organic salts and ionic liquids (OSILs) were synthesized from alendronic acid (ALN). Certain OSILs demonstrated significant cytotoxicity against cancer cells, suggesting potential for novel cancer therapies.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Medicinal Chemistry
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Alendronic acid (ALN) is an anti-resorptive drug.
  • Organic Salts and Ionic Liquids (OSILs) offer tunable properties.
  • Developing novel drug delivery systems is crucial for targeted therapies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize novel mono- and dianionic OSILs from alendronic acid (ALN).
  • To evaluate the cytotoxic effects of these ALN-OSILs on various human cell lines, including cancer cells.
  • To explore the potential of ALN-OSILs as pharmacological tools for cancer treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Quantitative synthesis of eight new ALN-OSILs using sustainable methodologies.
  • Characterization of ALN-OSILs via spectroscopic techniques.
  • Assessment of solubility in water and biological fluids.
  • In vitro toxicity evaluation against human healthy cells and cancer cell lines (breast, lung, osteosarcoma).

Main Results:

  • Successful synthesis of eight novel ALN-OSILs.
  • Monoanionic OSILs exhibited lower toxicity compared to dianionic counterparts across all tested cell types.
  • OSILs with a [C2OHMIM] cation, specifically [C2OHMIM][ALN], displayed the highest cytotoxic effect.
  • [C2OHMIM][ALN] showed a significant improvement (approx. three orders of magnitude) in IC50 values against lung and bone cancer cell lines and fibroblasts compared to ALN.

Conclusions:

  • The developed ALN-OSILs, particularly [C2OHMIM][ALN], show promising cytotoxic activity against cancer cells.
  • The combination of an anti-resorptive molecule (ALN) with OSILs presents a viable strategy for developing new pharmacological agents.
  • These findings suggest a potential for novel therapeutic tools in treating relevant pathological conditions.