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Aquatic invasive species: challenges for the future.

John E Havel1, Katya E Kovalenko2, Sidinei Magela Thomaz3

  • 11Department of Biology, Missouri State University, 901 S. National Avenue, Springfield, MO 65897 USA.

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Summary

Human activities accelerate the global spread of aquatic invasive species (AIS), threatening biodiversity and water resources. Understanding AIS impacts and human roles is crucial for managing these ecological challenges.

Keywords:
Climate changeDispersal barriersFunctional homogenizationInvasibilityInvasional meltdownInvasivenessPropagule pressureRegime shiftsReservoirs

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Area of Science:

  • Ecology
  • Environmental Science
  • Conservation Biology

Background:

  • Human activities, particularly accelerated trade, have led to the global transport of numerous species.
  • Aquatic ecosystems are highly vulnerable to invasive species, posing risks to biodiversity and essential water resources.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review known aspects of aquatic invasive species (AIS).
  • To explore new questions regarding AIS impacts, dispersal, and human roles.
  • To identify characteristics of high-threat future invaders and their interactions with other environmental impacts.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing research on aquatic invasive species.
  • Analysis of factors influencing species dispersal and introduction.
  • Exploration of human-mediated transport mechanisms.
  • Discussion of ecological interactions and synergistic effects with other human impacts.

Main Results:

  • AIS pose significant threats to aquatic biodiversity and human water needs.
  • Human activities are a primary driver of AIS introductions and dispersal.
  • Certain species characteristics and susceptible environments (e.g., reservoirs) facilitate invasions.
  • Invasions can interact with climate change and landscape conversion, potentially causing regime shifts.

Conclusions:

  • Effective management strategies are needed to mitigate the impacts of AIS.
  • Further research is required to understand and predict future invasions and their consequences.
  • Humans must adapt to living with established invasive species and address their long-term ecological presence.