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Angiotensin Converting Enzyme-2 (ACE2) and its Possible Roles in Hypertension, Diabetes and Cardiac Function
Fiona J Warner1,2,2, Jodie L Guy2, Dan W Lambert2
11Baker Heart Research Institute, Peptide Biology, Melbourne, Victoria 3004 Australia.
Letters in Peptide Science : LIPS
|March 28, 2020
Summary
Angiotensin converting enzyme-2 (ACE2) counter-balances ACE activity and plays a role in cardiac regulation and diabetes. ACE2 also functions as a receptor for the SARS coronavirus, indicating its therapeutic potential.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Cardiovascular Biology
- Virology
Background:
- Angiotensin converting enzyme-2 (ACE2) is a homologue of ACE, functioning as an ectoenzyme.
- ACE2 is primarily expressed in the heart, kidney, and testes.
- ACE2 acts as a carboxypeptidase, differing from ACE's peptidyl dipeptidase activity.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the physiological roles of ACE2.
- To explore ACE2's function in cardiac regulation and diabetes.
- To understand ACE2's role as a SARS coronavirus receptor.
Main Methods:
- Studies utilized ace2 knockout mice.
- In vivo and in vitro experimental approaches were employed.
Main Results:
- ACE2 converts angiotensin II to angiotensin (1-7), counter-balancing ACE.
- ACE2 is localized to endothelial and epithelial cells, potentially hydrolyzing circulating bioactive peptides.
- ACE2 serves as a receptor for the SARS coronavirus.
Conclusions:
- ACE2 has critical functions in cardiac regulation and diabetes.
- ACE2's role as a SARS receptor highlights its significance.
- ACE2 represents a potential therapeutic target for various diseases.
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