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Related Concept Videos

Mass Analyzers: Overview01:13

Mass Analyzers: Overview

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The mass analyzer is a crucial component of the mass spectrometer. In the ionization chamber, the vaporized sample is bombarded with a high-energy electron beam to generate a radical cation and further fragment into neutral molecules, radicals, and cations. A series of negatively charged accelerator plates accelerate the cations into the mass analyzer. The mass analyzer separates ions according to their mass-to-charge (m/z) ratios and then directs them to the detector. The common types of mass...
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Diamagnetic Shielding of Nuclei: Local Diamagnetic Current01:14

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An applied magnetic field causes the electrons present in the molecule to circulate, setting up a local diamagnetic current within the molecule. The local diamagnetic current arising from circulating sigma-bonding electrons induces a magnetic field, Blocal that opposes the applied magnetic field, B0. The effective magnetic field experienced by these nuclei is given by the difference between the applied and local magnetic fields in a phenomenon called local diamagnetic shielding. Essentially,...
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NMR Spectrometers: Resolution and Error Correction01:14

NMR Spectrometers: Resolution and Error Correction

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When magnetic nuclei in a sample achieve resonance and undergo relaxation, the signal detected in NMR is an approximately exponential free induction decay. Fourier transform of an exponential decay yields a Lorentzian peak in the frequency domain. Lorentzian peaks in an NMR spectrum are defined by their amplitude, full width at half maximum, and position, where the peak width is governed by the spin-spin relaxation time alone. In real experiments, however, the applied magnetic field is rendered...
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Double Resonance Techniques: Overview01:12

Double Resonance Techniques: Overview

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Double resonance techniques in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy involve the simultaneous application of two different frequencies or radiofrequency pulses to manipulate and observe two distinct nuclear spins. One important application of double resonance is spin decoupling, which selectively suppresses coupling with one type of nucleus while observing the NMR signal from another nucleus, simplifying the spectrum and enhancing resolution.
Spin decoupling is usually achieved by...
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Tandem Mass Spectrometry01:21

Tandem Mass Spectrometry

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Tandem mass spectrometry is a technique that uses multiple mass analyzers in series to obtain a higher selectivity and reduce chemical noise during analyte detection. Instruments with multiple analyzers separated by an interaction cell enable secondary fragmentation and selected study of the fragment ions.Secondary fragmentations occur in the interaction cell and can be induced by various factors. Fragmentation induced by collision with inert gases, such as N2, Ar, He, etc., is called...
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π Electron Effects on Chemical Shift: Overview01:27

π Electron Effects on Chemical Shift: Overview

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An applied magnetic field causes loosely bound π-electrons in organic molecules to circulate, producing a local or induced diamagnetic field over a large spatial volume. As the molecules tumble in solution, the field generated by π-electrons in spherical substituents results in a zero net field. However, the net field generated by π-electrons in non-spherical substituents is not zero. The effect of this induced field depends on the orientation of the molecule with respect to B0,...
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Setting Limits on Supersymmetry Using Simplified Models
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Improved BSM sensitivity in diboson processes at linear colliders.

Brian Henning1, Davide Maria Lombardo1, Francesco Riva1

  • 1Départment de Physique Théorique, Université de Genève, 24 quai Ernest-Ansermet, 1211 Genève 4, Switzerland.

The European Physical Journal. C, Particles and Fields
|March 28, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Future colliders like CLIC can detect subtle beyond the Standard Model (BSM) physics effects. Diboson and Drell-Yann processes offer complementary insights into new particle properties.

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Area of Science:

  • High-energy particle physics
  • Beyond the Standard Model (BSM) physics
  • Collider physics

Background:

  • Standard Model (SM) of particle physics
  • Limitations of current colliders (LEP, HL-LHC, ILC)
  • Need for precision measurements to probe new physics

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate sensitivity to Beyond the Standard Model (BSM) effects using dimension-6 operators
  • Compare the reach of different future colliders (CLIC, ILC, HL-LHC)
  • Explore BSM scenarios at weak and strong coupling

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of Z boson and Higgs boson final states
  • Utilizing final state particle polarizations for targeted BSM sensitivity
  • Parametrization of BSM effects using dimension-6 operators

Main Results:

  • CLIC demonstrates superior sensitivity to BSM effects compared to HL-LHC, ILC, and LEP
  • Drell-Yann processes show enhanced discovery potential for BSM physics
  • Diboson processes offer crucial discriminating power for BSM state properties

Conclusions:

  • Future linear colliders, particularly CLIC, are essential for probing new physics beyond the Standard Model
  • Combined analysis of Drell-Yann and diboson processes provides a comprehensive strategy for BSM discovery and characterization
  • Precision measurements at colliders can reveal properties of new particles, including their spin and couplings