Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

VSEPR Theory and the Effect of Lone Pairs04:01

VSEPR Theory and the Effect of Lone Pairs

51.6K
Effect of Lone Pairs of Electrons on Molecule Geometry
51.6K
Halogenation of Alkenes02:46

Halogenation of Alkenes

18.2K
Halogenation is the addition of chlorine or bromine across the double bond in an alkene to yield a vicinal dihalide. The reaction occurs in the presence of inert and non-nucleophilic solvents, such as methylene chloride, chloroform, or carbon tetrachloride.
Consider the bromination of cyclopentene. Molecular bromine is polarized in the proximity of the π electrons of cyclopentene. An electrophilic bromine atom adds across the double bond, forming a cyclic bromonium ion intermediate.
18.2K
Potential Due to a Polarized Object01:29

Potential Due to a Polarized Object

675
A neutral atom consists of a positively charged nucleus surrounded by a negatively charged electron cloud. When placed in an external electric field, the external electric force pulls the electrons and nucleus apart, opposite to the intrinsic attraction between the nucleus and the electrons. The opposing forces balance each other with a slight shift between the center of masses of the nucleus and the electron cloud, resulting in a polarized atom. On the other hand, a few molecules, like water,...
675
Alkyl Halides02:45

Alkyl Halides

19.4K
Structural Properties
Alkyl halides are halogen-substituted alkanes wherein one or more hydrogen atoms of an alkane is replaced by a halogen atom such as fluorine, chlorine, bromine, or iodine. The carbon atom in an alkyl halide is bonded to the halogen atom, which is sp3-hybridized and exhibits a tetrahedral shape.
Unlike alkyl halides, compounds in which a halogen atom is bonded to an sp2 -hybridized carbon atom of a carbon-carbon double bond (C=C) are called vinyl halides. Whereas aryl...
19.4K
ortho–para-Directing Deactivators: Halogens01:24

ortho–para-Directing Deactivators: Halogens

6.5K
Halogens are ortho–para directors. They are more electronegative than carbon. Therefore, as ring substituents, they can withdraw electrons through the inductive effect and deactivate the aromatic ring towards electrophilic substitution. Halogens also have an electron-donating resonance effect on the ring, which influences the orientation of the incoming electrophile. If an electrophile attacks at the ortho or the para position, the halogen donates electrons and stabilizes the intermediate...
6.5K
Molecular Shape and Polarity03:37

Molecular Shape and Polarity

72.8K
Dipole Moment of a Molecule
72.8K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Reactive Chemistry at the Unrestricted Coupled Cluster Level: High-Throughput Calculations for Training Machine Learning Potentials.

Journal of chemical theory and computation·2026
Same author

Vibrational and Electronic Spectroscopies of Dibenzoterrylene Conformers: Computational Insights.

The journal of physical chemistry letters·2026
Same author

Light Activated Charge-Ionic Transport in Cs<sub>2</sub>AgBi<sub>2</sub>I<sub>9</sub> for Self-Powered Synaptic Photodetection.

Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)·2026
Same author

Enhancing Molecular Dipole Moment Prediction with Multitask Machine Learning.

The journal of physical chemistry letters·2026
Same author

Shifting the Paradigm: Acetylene Ligand in Unlocking Unique Cluster Nodes in Silver Cluster Assembled Materials and Its Photophysical Properties.

The journal of physical chemistry letters·2026
Same author

A Visual Understanding of Circular Dichroism Spectroscopy.

ACS nano·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 25, 2025

Facile Synthesis of Colloidal Lead Halide Perovskite Nanoplatelets via Ligand-Assisted Reprecipitation
04:14

Facile Synthesis of Colloidal Lead Halide Perovskite Nanoplatelets via Ligand-Assisted Reprecipitation

Published on: October 1, 2019

13.5K

Polarons in Halide Perovskites: A Perspective.

Dibyajyoti Ghosh1,2, Eric Welch3,4, Amanda J Neukirch1

  • 1Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States.

The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters
|March 29, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Metal halide perovskites (MHPs) show promise for optoelectronics. This perspective highlights polaronic transport as a key mechanism protecting charge carriers and enabling MHP applications.

More Related Videos

Low Pressure Vapor-assisted Solution Process for Tunable Band Gap Pinhole-free Methylammonium Lead Halide Perovskite Films
08:12

Low Pressure Vapor-assisted Solution Process for Tunable Band Gap Pinhole-free Methylammonium Lead Halide Perovskite Films

Published on: September 8, 2017

9.9K
Monovalent Cation Doping of CH3NH3PbI3 for Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells
08:30

Monovalent Cation Doping of CH3NH3PbI3 for Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells

Published on: March 19, 2017

17.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Dec 25, 2025

Facile Synthesis of Colloidal Lead Halide Perovskite Nanoplatelets via Ligand-Assisted Reprecipitation
04:14

Facile Synthesis of Colloidal Lead Halide Perovskite Nanoplatelets via Ligand-Assisted Reprecipitation

Published on: October 1, 2019

13.5K
Low Pressure Vapor-assisted Solution Process for Tunable Band Gap Pinhole-free Methylammonium Lead Halide Perovskite Films
08:12

Low Pressure Vapor-assisted Solution Process for Tunable Band Gap Pinhole-free Methylammonium Lead Halide Perovskite Films

Published on: September 8, 2017

9.9K
Monovalent Cation Doping of CH3NH3PbI3 for Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells
08:30

Monovalent Cation Doping of CH3NH3PbI3 for Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells

Published on: March 19, 2017

17.0K

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Solid-State Physics
  • Photovoltaics

Background:

  • Metal halide perovskites (MHPs) are leading materials for photovoltaic and optoelectronic applications due to their exceptional optoelectronic properties.
  • Despite extensive research, the precise mechanisms governing charge carrier transport in MHPs remain a subject of active investigation and debate.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of the current understanding of charge carrier transport mechanisms in MHPs.
  • To critically evaluate the evidence supporting polaronic transport as a dominant mechanism in MHPs.
  • To explore strategies for studying and leveraging polaron dynamics in MHP devices.

Main Methods:

  • Review and synthesis of existing experimental findings on carrier transport.
  • Analysis of computational studies investigating charge carrier dynamics.
  • Discussion of established and emerging transport models including electron-phonon scattering, ferroelectric effects, Rashba splitting, and polaronic transport.

Main Results:

  • Polaronic transport, involving both small and large polarons, is increasingly supported by experimental and computational evidence as a dominant carrier dynamics mechanism in MHPs.
  • Polarons play a crucial role in protecting photogenerated charge carriers from recombination, thereby enhancing device performance.
  • Understanding polaron motion is key to optimizing charge carrier lifetimes and device efficiency.

Conclusions:

  • Polaronic carrier dynamics are central to the high performance of metal halide perovskites in optoelectronic applications.
  • Further research into the fundamental aspects of polaron formation and transport is essential for advancing MHP technology.
  • Exploiting polaron behavior through physical and chemical approaches offers promising avenues for future MHP device development.