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MyoD1 expression in fibroepithelial stromal polyps.

Nicholas J Olson1, Karen J Fritchie1, Jorge Torres-Mora1

  • 1Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55902, USA.

Human Pathology
|March 29, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Fibroepithelial stromal polyps (FESPs) can express MyoD1, a marker typically associated with rhabdomyosarcoma. This study found MyoD1 in 40% of FESPs, aiding in their accurate diagnosis and distinguishing them from malignant tumors.

Keywords:
DesminFibroepithelial stromal polypsMyoD1Vulvovaginal polyps

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Area of Science:

  • Gynecologic Pathology
  • Skeletal Muscle Differentiation Markers
  • Tumor Diagnosis

Background:

  • Fibroepithelial stromal polyps (FESPs) are benign mesenchymal lesions of the female genital tract.
  • FESP morphology can be variable, sometimes mimicking malignant tumors like embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma (ERMS).
  • Desmin is commonly expressed in FESPs, but specific skeletal muscle markers like MyoD1 are less studied.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the expression of desmin, MyoD1, and myogenin in a series of FESPs.
  • To assess the diagnostic utility of these markers in differentiating FESPs from ERMS.
  • To evaluate the clinical behavior of FESPs with MyoD1 expression.

Main Methods:

  • Immunohistochemical analysis of 25 FESP cases for desmin, MyoD1, and myogenin.
  • Morphological evaluation of FESP specimens.
  • Review of follow-up clinical data for all cases.

Main Results:

  • Desmin was expressed in 92% (23/25) of FESPs.
  • Focal MyoD1 expression was observed in 40% (10/25) of FESPs.
  • All FESPs were negative for myogenin, and no cases showed recurrence or malignant behavior.

Conclusions:

  • MyoD1 expression in FESPs can be a diagnostic pitfall, potentially simulating ERMS.
  • Combined morphological assessment and immunohistochemistry, including MyoD1, are crucial for accurate FESP diagnosis.
  • FESPs expressing MyoD1 exhibit benign behavior.