Quantitative imaging of ²²⁶Ra ultratrace distribution using digital autoradiography: Case of doped celestines

The ability of the autoradiographic device BeaQuant™ is evaluated herein to quantitatively map the ultratrace element ²²⁶Ra distributed spatially in celestine (SrSO₄) grains/crystals. ²²⁶Ra doped celestines have been obtained from coprecipitation and recrystallization experiments, and have been characterized with high purity germanium gamma detector (HPGe), giving specific activities ranging from 3251 to 32523 Bq.g^-1. Alpha autoradiographs of polished sections from doped celestines have been obtained using BeaQuant™. These alpha maps have been compared to the celestine grains/crystals arrangement observed with a scanning electron microscope (SEM). At the sample scale, celestine grains are responsible of an alpha signal, indicating that ²²⁶Ra is detectable in celestine from its alpha emissions. ²²⁶Ra distribution has also been investigated at the celestine grains/crystals scale: the crystal/grain properties do not allow to decide if the distribution process is homogeneous or not, i.e. if there is a chemical zoning into the crystal/grain. The counting of alpha particles by autoradiography has been compared with the total activity of the ²²⁶Ra doped celestines by gamma counting (HPGe technique). This comparison was performed by standardizing the measured activities to the same celestine volume, which has been determined by performing a threshold on SEM grey level images to assess to the celestine surface and using Geant4 Monte Carlo simulation toolkit to assess to the emission depth of the particles in celestine. A very good linear correlation between gamma activity and alpha counting from autoradiographs is obtained for all the samples, demonstrating the ability of BeaQuant™ to quantify ²²⁶Ra in any points of the millimetric section samples, at a resolution of 20 μm.