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Air-Inflation of Murine Lungs with Vascular Perfusion-Fixation
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Life without air.

Howard Goldfine1

  • 1Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6076 goldfinh@pennmedicine.upenn.edu.

The Journal of Biological Chemistry
|March 30, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study reveals an anaerobic pathway for plasmalogen formation in bacteria, distinct from the aerobic process in animals. It also details unique bacterial phospholipases adapted for intracellular pathogens like Listeria monocytogenes.

Keywords:
ClostridiumListeriaacyl carrier protein (ACP)anaerobiosiscyclopropane fatty acidslipidlipidomesplasmalogen

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Area of Science:

  • Lipid biochemistry
  • Bacterial physiology
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Plasmalogens, a type of phospholipid, have distinct biosynthesis pathways in anaerobic bacteria compared to aerobic animal cells.
  • Understanding bacterial lipid regulation is crucial for deciphering membrane structure and function.
  • The intracellular lifestyle of pathogens like Listeria monocytogenes necessitates specialized molecular mechanisms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the anaerobic biosynthesis of plasmalogens in bacteria.
  • To characterize the physical chemistry and cellular regulation of bacterial membrane lipid polymorphism.
  • To identify and analyze the roles of phospholipases in Listeria monocytogenes and their adaptation to an intracellular environment.

Main Methods:

  • Investigated plasmalogen formation from diacyl lipids under anaerobic conditions.
  • Studied the physical chemistry of bacterial lipids and membrane polymorphism.
  • Analyzed the specific functions and characteristics of phospholipases in Listeria monocytogenes.

Main Results:

  • Provided evidence for an anaerobic pathway for plasmalogen synthesis from diacyl lipids in bacteria.
  • Demonstrated differences between Listeria monocytogenes phospholipases and those found in other bacteria.
  • Showcased how Listeria's phospholipases are uniquely suited for its intracellular parasitic lifestyle.

Conclusions:

  • Bacterial plasmalogen formation can occur via an anaerobic route, differing from animal cell mechanisms.
  • Phospholipases in Listeria monocytogenes play a critical role in its survival and virulence within host cells.
  • The study highlights novel aspects of bacterial lipid metabolism and pathogen adaptation.