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Effects of Mechanical Methods Used in Peri-implantitis Treatment on Implant Surface Decontamination and Roughness
Published on: March 14, 2025
679
Do viruses play a role in peri-implantitis?
Timothy Brown1, Lindsey Young2, Thomas J Lamont3
1DCT2 Aberdeen Dental Hospital, Aberdeen, UK.
Evidence-Based Dentistry
|March 30, 2020
Summary
Certain viruses like Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) and Cytomegalovirus (CMV) may be more prevalent in peri-implantitis patients. However, more research is needed due to limited studies and data heterogeneity.
Area of Science:
- Oral microbiology
- Infectious diseases
- Dental implantology
Background:
- Peri-implantitis is a growing concern in dental implantology.
- The role of specific viral infections in peri-implantitis pathogenesis remains unclear.
- Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 (HSV1), Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV), and Cytomegalovirus (CMV) are potential etiological agents.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review the prevalence of HSV1, EBV, and CMV in peri-implantitis.
- To compare viral presence in peri-implantitis affected sites versus healthy implant sites.
- To assess the statistical significance of viral presence in peri-implantitis.
Main Methods:
- Systematic literature search of multiple electronic databases and manual journal searches.
- Inclusion of four cross-sectional studies and one case-control study.
- Data extraction and synthesis following PRISMA guidelines; statistical analysis using Chi-squared and I2 tests.
Main Results:
- EBV prevalence was statistically significant in three of four studies, despite heterogeneity.
- CMV prevalence was significant in relevant studies but heterogeneity rendered it insignificant.
- HSV1 showed similar frequencies in both healthy and diseased implant sites.
Conclusions:
- Virus prevalence may be elevated in peri-implantitis patients compared to healthy controls.
- This finding requires caution due to the limited number of studies and significant data heterogeneity.
- Further high-quality research is necessary to confirm the role of these viruses in peri-implantitis.
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