Integrated principal component analysis denoising technique for phase-sensitive optical time domain reflectometry...

Area of Science:

• Optical Fiber Sensing
• Signal Processing

Background:

• Phase-sensitive optical time domain reflectometry (Φ-OTDR) is crucial for distributed sensing.
• High sensitivity, fast response, and dynamic range make it suitable for vibration detection.
• Effective denoising is essential to improve vibration detection accuracy in Φ-OTDR systems.

Purpose of the Study:

• To introduce an integrated principal component analysis (IPCA) technique for denoising Φ-OTDR sensing data.
• To enhance vibration detection capabilities by reducing noise in the sensing fiber.
• To demonstrate the effectiveness of IPCA through theoretical analysis and experimental validation.

Main Methods:

• Application of integrated principal component analysis (IPCA) for signal denoising.
• Digital down-conversion of the Φ-OTDR signal.
• Angle and phase unwrapping techniques were employed post-denoising.

Main Results:

• Significant noise reduction was achieved after applying IPCA and digital down-conversion.
• Vibration detection was clearly achieved with a notable enhancement in the signal-to-noise ratio.
• Successful experimental demonstration over an 800 m sensing range.

Conclusions:

• IPCA is an effective method for denoising Φ-OTDR data.
• The proposed technique significantly improves vibration detection performance.
• The study validates the practical applicability of IPCA in optical fiber sensing.