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Crosstalk reduction for multi-channel optical phase metrology.

Paul G Sibley, Robert L Ward, Lyle E Roberts

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    Digitally enhanced heterodyne interferometry (DEHI) minimizes crosstalk for precise phase measurements of multiple electric fields. This advancement enables optical phased arrays and other technologies requiring simultaneous, high-fidelity optical field detection.

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    Area of Science:

    • Optical Metrology
    • Photonics
    • Signal Processing

    Background:

    • Conventional laser interferometry offers sub-wavelength displacement measurements.
    • Optical phased arrays require simultaneous phase measurement of numerous electric fields.
    • Multiplexing techniques are needed to discriminate multiple electric fields at a single photodetector.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To analytically and experimentally investigate crosstalk in digitally enhanced heterodyne interferometry (DEHI).
    • To determine the practical limits imposed by photodetector dynamic range and shot noise on DEHI.
    • To describe design strategies for minimizing crosstalk in DEHI systems.

    Main Methods:

    • Combined analytical investigation and experimental validation of DEHI.
    • Utilized spread-spectrum modulation techniques for electric field discrimination.
    • Measured phase of multiple electric fields at a single photodetector.

    Main Results:

    • Achieved up to 55 dB crosstalk suppression between two electric fields.
    • Demonstrated displacement sensitivity of 1-10 pm/Hz in the audio frequency range.
    • Observed crosstalk scaling proportionally to the square-root of the number of electric fields with M-sequence modulation.

    Conclusions:

    • DEHI effectively minimizes crosstalk, enhancing measurement precision for multiple electric fields.
    • The study provides insights into photodetector limitations and design strategies for crosstalk reduction.
    • DEHI is estimated to support the phase measurement of hundreds of electric fields simultaneously with maintained bandwidth.