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Multi-parameter sensing based on surface plasma resonance with tungsten disulfide sheets coated.

Yin Liu, Qi Xia, Ai Zhou

    Optics Express
    |April 1, 2020
    PubMed
    Summary

    A novel tungsten disulfide (WS2) coated surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor using a gradient pitch Mach-Zehnder interferometer (GP-MZI) accurately measures ethanol vapor concentration. This advanced sensor enables simultaneous detection of ethanol, humidity, and temperature with high precision.

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    Area of Science:

    • Materials Science
    • Optical Sensors
    • Analytical Chemistry

    Background:

    • Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) sensors offer high sensitivity for detecting analytes.
    • Mach-Zehnder Interferometers (MZIs) are versatile optical platforms for sensing applications.
    • Tungsten disulfide (WS2) is a promising 2D material with unique optical properties.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop and experimentally validate a novel SPR sensor for ethanol vapor concentration measurement.
    • To investigate the use of a gradient pitch Mach-Zehnder interferometer (GP-MZI) coated with WS2 for enhanced sensing.
    • To achieve simultaneous multi-parameter sensing of ethanol, relative humidity (RH), and temperature.

    Main Methods:

    • Fabrication of a GP-MZI by twisting a single-mode fiber (SMF) to excite multi-order cladding modes.
    • Deposition of a gold film followed by WS2 film coating on the GP helix structure.
    • Utilizing the change in effective refractive index (RI) of the WS2 film due to ethanol absorption to modulate the transmission signal intensity.

    Main Results:

    • The WS2-coated GP-MZI SPR sensor demonstrated enhanced evanescent field strength and interaction with ethanol molecules.
    • Simultaneous measurement of ethanol vapor concentration, RH, and temperature was achieved.
    • High resolutions were obtained: ±0.030 mg/L for ethanol, ±0.035%RH for humidity, and ±0.010 °C for temperature.

    Conclusions:

    • The proposed WS2-coated GP-MZI SPR sensor is a promising platform for accurate and simultaneous multi-parameter sensing.
    • The sensor design leverages the unique properties of WS2 and GP-MZI for improved performance.
    • This technology holds potential for various environmental and industrial monitoring applications.