Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 25, 2025

Laryngeal Mask Airway LMA Placement in a Neonatal Patient Simulator Using a Non-Inflatable Supraglottic Airway SGA
04:56

Laryngeal Mask Airway LMA Placement in a Neonatal Patient Simulator Using a Non-Inflatable Supraglottic Airway SGA

Published on: July 14, 2023

4.4K

[Respiratory emergencies in childhood and adolescence]

J Riedler1

  • 1Kinder- und Jugendheilkunde, Kardinal Schwarzenberg'sches Krankenhaus, Kardinal-Schwarzenbergstraße 2-6, A-5620 Schwarzach, Österreich.

Monatsschrift Kinderheilkunde : Organ Der Deutschen Gesellschaft Fur Kinderheilkunde
|April 1, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Respiratory emergencies in children present with symptoms like dyspnoea and stridor. This review details the diagnosis and treatment of common pediatric respiratory conditions, emphasizing the vulnerability of young airways.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Pulmonology
  • Emergency Medicine
  • Respiratory Physiology

Context:

  • Pediatric respiratory emergencies are common and can rapidly escalate.
  • Infants and toddlers have unique airway anatomy, increasing their risk.
  • Prompt recognition and management are crucial for favorable outcomes.

Purpose:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of pediatric respiratory emergencies.
  • To detail the symptoms, diagnosis, and differential diagnosis of common conditions.
  • To outline therapeutic strategies for managing these critical cases.

Summary:

  • Common symptoms include dyspnoea, inspiratory stridor, wheeze, cyanosis, and chest pain.
  • Conditions covered include foreign body inhalation, croup, epiglottitis, bacterial tracheitis, bronchiolitis, and acute asthma.
  • The narrow, soft airways and small oxygen reserves in young children predispose them to respiratory insufficiency.

Impact:

  • Aids clinicians in the rapid and accurate diagnosis of pediatric respiratory emergencies.
  • Facilitates evidence-based therapeutic decision-making.
  • Improves patient outcomes by ensuring timely and appropriate interventions.

Keywords:
AsthmaCroupEpiglottitisForeign body inhalationRespiratory emergencies

More Related Videos

A Novel Rescue Technique for Difficult Intubation and Difficult Ventilation04:46

A Novel Rescue Technique for Difficult Intubation and Difficult Ventilation

Published on: January 17, 2011

21.9K
Surfactant Depletion Combined with Injurious Ventilation Results in a Reproducible Model of the Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome ARDS06:22

Surfactant Depletion Combined with Injurious Ventilation Results in a Reproducible Model of the Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome ARDS

Published on: April 7, 2021

3.7K

Related Concept Videos

Pulmonary Cycle: Exhalation01:17

Pulmonary Cycle: Exhalation

In terms of human respiration, the act of expelling air, known as exhalation (or expiration), operates on the principle of pressure gradients. During expiration, the pressure within the lungs exceeds that of the surrounding atmosphere. Under normal conditions, quiet breathing involves passive exhalation and is free of muscular contractions. This is because the exhalation process is driven by the natural elastic recoil of the lungs and chest wall, both of which have an inherent tendency to...
2.8K
Acute Respiratory Failure-III01:30

Acute Respiratory Failure-III

Hypercapnic respiratory failure, also known as Type 2 or ventilatory respiratory failure, is a severe condition characterized by the body's inability to effectively remove carbon dioxide (CO2) from the bloodstream. It leads to an arterial CO2 pressure (PaCO2) exceeding 45 mmHg and a blood pH above 7.35. This situation indicates that the body's ventilatory demand, or the ventilation needed to maintain normal PaCO2 levels, surpasses its supply or the maximum gas flow achievable without...
666
Acute Respiratory Failure-V01:29

Acute Respiratory Failure-V

The treatment for acute respiratory failure varies based on factors like the underlying cause, overall health, and severity. A collaborative healthcare team is essential for early detection, often through arterial blood gas analysis. Identifying the cause is the primary goal, with treatment strategies adjusted for ventilation/perfusion (V/Q) mismatch, shunting, or diffusion impairment.
Ensure that patients are monitored continuously for their response to therapy, including changes in...
374
Acute Respiratory Failure-IV01:23

Acute Respiratory Failure-IV

Respiratory failure can manifest suddenly or gradually, characterized by a rapid decline in PaO2 and a rapid rise in PaCO2. This situation indicates a severe respiratory problem that may quickly become a life-threatening emergency. One of the early signs of hypoxemic Acute Respiratory Failure (ARF) is a change in mental status due to the brain's sensitivity to oxygen levels and changes in acid-base balance. Symptoms such as restlessness, confusion, and agitation suggest inadequate oxygen...
459
Acute Respiratory Failure-I01:21

Acute Respiratory Failure-I

Acute respiratory failure is a condition characterized by the inability of the lungs to perform their primary function: gas exchange. This failure leads to insufficient oxygen levels (hypoxemia) in the blood, elevated carbon dioxide levels (hypercapnia), or both, causing critical impairment in organ function.
Definition: It is defined by specific criteria based on blood gas measurements. Hypoxemia happens when the partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) falls below 60 mmHg. At the same time,...
715
Acute Respiratory Failure-II01:21

Acute Respiratory Failure-II

Type I Respiratory Failure, or hypoxemic respiratory failure, occurs when the partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) in arterial blood falls below 60 mmHg while breathing room air without a corresponding increase in arterial carbon dioxide levels (PaCO2). This condition highlights a significant impairment in the lungs' capacity to oxygenate the blood.
The underlying physiological abnormalities that contribute to hypoxemic respiratory failure include:
923