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Combining Behavior and EEG to Study the Effects of Mindfulness Meditation on Episodic Memory
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Meditation and Metacontrol.

Bernhard Hommel1, Lorenza S Colzato1,2,3

  • 11Cognitive Psychology Unit & Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden University, Wassenaarseweg 52, 2333 AK Leiden, The Netherlands.

Journal of Cognitive Enhancement : Towards the Integration of Theory and Practice
|April 1, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Single bouts of focused-attention meditation (FAM) enhance top-down cognitive control, while open-monitoring meditation (OMM) lessens it. Choosing the right meditation technique is crucial for effective cognitive interventions.

Keywords:
Cognitive controlDecision makingFlexibilityFocused-attention meditationOpen-monitoring meditationPersistence

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Psychology
  • Mindfulness Studies

Background:

  • Growing interest in the acute effects of meditation on cognition.
  • Distinction between focused-attention meditation (FAM) and open-monitoring meditation (OMM).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the differential impact of single meditation bouts on cognitive processes.
  • To hypothesize how FAM and OMM influence cognitive control styles.

Main Methods:

  • Review and synthesis of existing research on meditation and cognition.
  • Theoretical analysis based on the FAM and OMM distinction.

Main Results:

  • Single bouts of FAM bias cognitive control towards increased top-down processing.
  • Single bouts of OMM bias cognitive control towards decreased top-down processing.

Conclusions:

  • Different meditation techniques have distinct and sometimes opposing effects on cognition.
  • Effective meditation interventions require selecting techniques based on theoretical understanding and desired cognitive outcomes.