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Exhaled and Nasal Nitric Oxide - Impact for Allergic Rhinitis.

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Fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) and nasal nitric oxide (nNO) show potential for monitoring allergic rhinitis (AR). FeNO effectively tracks treatment response, while nNO requires correlation with other markers for upper airway inflammation assessment.

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Area of Science:

  • Allergy and Immunology
  • Respiratory Medicine
  • Biomarker Research

Background:

  • Fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) is established for asthma diagnosis and monitoring.
  • Reliable methods for monitoring allergic rhinitis (AR) using FeNO and/or nasal nitric oxide (nNO) are needed.
  • Understanding the efficacy of FeNO and nNO as treatment markers in AR is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the efficacy of FeNO and nNO measurements as markers for monitoring allergic rhinitis (AR) treatment.
  • To compare FeNO and nNO levels in AR patients versus healthy controls.
  • To evaluate the impact of antihistamine and corticosteroid therapies on FeNO and nNO levels.

Main Methods:

  • FeNO and nNO were measured using a portable NO analyzer (NIOX MINO®).
  • Participants included healthy individuals and patients with AR, examined during and outside the pollen season.
  • The effect of three weeks of local corticosteroids and antihistamine therapy was observed in AR patients.

Main Results:

  • Significant differences in FeNO and nNO were observed between AR patients and healthy controls.
  • FeNO levels responded well to both antihistamine and combined therapies.
  • nNO levels decreased only after combined therapy with antihistamines and nasal corticosteroids.

Conclusions:

  • FeNO is a promising marker for monitoring AR treatment response.
  • nNO alone is insufficient for monitoring upper airway inflammation in AR and requires correlation with other markers like FeNO or symptom scores.
  • Combined FeNO and nNO measurements, alongside symptom scores, may offer a comprehensive approach to AR management.