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Binocular, Accommodative and Oculomotor Alterations In Multiple Sclerosis: A Review.
Amparo Gil-Casas1, David P Piñero2, Ainhoa Molina-Martin2
1Clínica Optométrica, Foundation Lluís Alcanyís, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
Multiple sclerosis (MS) commonly causes oculomotor issues like nystagmus. However, research on how MS impacts accommodation and binocular vision requires further investigation.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Ophthalmology
- Neurology
Background:
- Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neurodegenerative disease impacting the central nervous system.
- Ocular disturbances are prevalent in nearly all MS patients.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review and synthesize existing literature on oculomotor, accommodative, and binocular vision changes in MS.
- To identify common and understudied visual impairments associated with MS.
Main Methods:
- A systematic literature search was conducted using keywords related to MS and visual functions.
- Descriptors included multiple sclerosis, ocular motility disorders, nystagmus, accommodation, and stereopsis.
Main Results:
- Oculomotor alterations, particularly saccade and nystagmus abnormalities, are frequently reported in MS.
- Accommodative, vergence, and stereopsis deficits are less studied, with limited evidence suggesting a negative impact.
Conclusions:
- Oculomotor impairment is a significant factor in MS-related disability.
- Further research is essential to fully understand the effects of MS on binocular vision and accommodation.
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