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Resistance to gentamicin: a growing concern

W T Siebert, N J Moreland, T W Williams

    Southern Medical Journal
    |March 1, 1977
    PubMed

    Insights

    Gentamicin and tobramycin resistance in gram-negative bacteria is increasing, with significant percentages of Pseudomonas and Proteus species showing resistance in 1975. This rise necessitates the development of new antimicrobial agents.

    Area of Science:

    • Microbiology
    • Infectious Diseases
    • Pharmacology

    Background:

    • Gentamicin, a broad-spectrum aminoglycoside, was introduced in 1969 for treating aerobic gram-negative bacilli infections.
    • Clinical isolates demonstrating resistance to gentamicin have become increasingly prevalent in recent years.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To document the prevalence of gentamicin and tobramycin resistance in clinical isolates of gram-negative bacilli.
    • To highlight the emergence of resistance in previously uncommon bacterial species.

    Main Methods:

    • Laboratory analysis of clinical isolates.
    • In vitro susceptibility testing against gentamicin and tobramycin.

    Main Results:

    • In 1975, 32% of Pseudomonas sp and 44% of indole-negative Proteus sp isolates were resistant to gentamicin.
    • Resistance to tobramycin was observed in 24% of Escherichia coli and 28% of indole-negative Proteus sp isolates.
    • Dramatic increase in isolation of gentamicin-resistant Proteus rettgeri and indole-positive Proteus sp.

    Conclusions:

    • Rising resistance to gentamicin and tobramycin among gram-negative bacilli is a significant clinical concern.
    • The increasing prevalence of resistant strains necessitates the development of novel antimicrobial therapies.

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