Implantable anti-angiogenic scaffolds for treatment of neovascular ocular pathologies
Biplab Sarkar1, Zain Siddiqui1, Ka Kyung Kim1
1Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, 138 Warren St. LSEB 316, Newark, NJ, 07102, USA.
Abstract:
The retinal physiology can accrue oxidative damage and inflammatory insults due to age and metabolic irregularities. Two notable diseases that involve retinal and choroidal neovascularization are proliferative diabetic retinopathy and wet age-related macular degeneration. Currently, these diseases are mainly treated with anti-VEGF drugs (VEGF = vascular endothelial growth factor), generally on a monthly dosage scheme. We discuss recent developments for the treatment of these diseases, including bioactive tissue-engineered materials, which may reduce frequency of dosage and propose a path forward for improving patient outcomes. Graphical abstract Development of materials for long-term intravitreal delivery for management of posterior segment diseases.
Insights
New bioactive materials may offer a less frequent treatment for retinal diseases like diabetic retinopathy and macular degeneration, improving patient outcomes by reducing oxidative damage and inflammation.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Biomaterials Science
- Regenerative Medicine
Background:
- Retinal physiology is susceptible to oxidative damage and inflammation, exacerbated by aging and metabolic issues.
- Proliferative diabetic retinopathy and wet age-related macular degeneration involve retinal and choroidal neovascularization.
- Current treatments rely on frequent anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) injections.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore advancements in treating posterior segment eye diseases.
- To discuss the potential of bioactive tissue-engineered materials for long-term drug delivery.
- To propose strategies for improving patient outcomes in retinal neovascularization.
Main Methods:
- Review of recent developments in bioactive materials for intravitreal delivery.
- Analysis of tissue-engineered solutions for sustained drug release.
- Discussion of therapeutic strategies for retinal and choroidal neovascularization.
Main Results:
- Bioactive tissue-engineered materials show promise for long-term intravitreal delivery.
- These materials could potentially reduce the required frequency of anti-VEGF treatments.
- Advancements may lead to improved management of posterior segment diseases.
Conclusions:
- Tissue-engineered materials offer a novel approach for managing retinal neovascularization.
- Reduced dosing frequency can enhance patient compliance and outcomes.
- Further development is needed to translate these materials into clinical practice.
