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Related Concept Videos

Autism Spectrum Disorder01:19

Autism Spectrum Disorder

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Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction alongside restrictive and repetitive behaviors or interests. ASD is sometimes accompanied by intellectual impairment.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
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Modeling in Therapy01:26

Modeling in Therapy

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Modeling, a key technique in therapy, uses observational learning to help clients acquire and practice new skills by watching therapists demonstrate desired behaviors. This approach, rooted in Albert Bandura's concept of vicarious learning, plays a significant role in therapeutic interventions for various psychological conditions, including social anxiety, ADHD, and depression.
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Learning Disabilities01:25

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Learning disabilities are cognitive disorders caused by neurological impairments that affect cognitive functions like language and reading, without indicating overall intellectual or developmental challenges. These disabilities differ from global intellectual or developmental disabilities as they are limited to distinct cognitive functions. Common learning disabilities include dysgraphia, dyslexia, and dyscalculia, each of which impacts unique aspects of learning.
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Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder01:30

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

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Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It affects approximately 5-8% of children globally, with around 60-70% of cases persisting into adulthood. ADHD has significant implications for educational attainment, social interactions, and occupational success.
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Operant Conditioning Intervention01:24

Operant Conditioning Intervention

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Operant conditioning serves as a foundational principle in therapeutic interventions aimed at modifying maladaptive behaviors. Central to this approach is the notion that behaviors, both adaptive and maladaptive, are learned through reinforcement. By analyzing the environmental factors that reinforce problematic behaviors, clinicians can design interventions to weaken these reinforcements and replace maladaptive behaviors with healthier alternatives.
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The meaning of illness is individualized to each person who experiences an alteration in health. In contrast, disease is a medical term indicating a pathological change in the structure and function of the body or mind. It is a condition that has specific symptoms and boundaries.
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[Autism: a lifelong condition].

Emmanuelle Houy-Durand1

  • 1Centre Ressources autisme région Centre-Val de Loire, centre universitaire de pédopsychiatrie, CHRU de Tours, Inserm U1253, Tours, France.

La Revue Du Praticien
|April 2, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Autism is a lifelong condition where adult outcomes are often poor due to overlooked physical and mental health issues. Addressing these comorbidities is crucial for improving quality of life and supporting individuals through life transitions.

Keywords:
Autism

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Area of Science:

  • Neurodevelopmental disorders
  • Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) research

Background:

  • Autism is a lifelong neurodevelopmental condition.
  • Adult outcomes for individuals with autism are frequently poor.
  • While autistic symptoms may improve, co-occurring physical and psychiatric conditions often decrease quality of life.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the importance of recognizing and treating physical comorbidities and mental health conditions in adults with autism.
  • To emphasize the need for tailored health education and healthcare planning for this population.
  • To advocate for specific supports during the transition to adulthood.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on autism outcomes in adults.
  • Analysis of factors contributing to poor quality of life in autistic adults.
  • Identification of critical areas for intervention and support.

Main Results:

  • Somatic and psychiatric conditions are often misdiagnosed or ignored in autistic individuals due to sensory or language challenges.
  • These untreated conditions significantly decrease quality of life and increase discomfort.
  • Recent studies indicate that recovery or optimal outcomes are possible, despite heterogeneity.

Conclusions:

  • Recognizing and treating comorbidities is essential for improving the lives of autistic adults.
  • Development of specific educational, health, social, and cognitive remediation supports is vital.
  • Continued support is necessary throughout the lifespan, particularly during the transition to adulthood.