[Vitamin D for daily practice]

Area of Science:

• Endocrinology
• Nutritional Science
• Dermatology

Background:

• Vitamin D, a fat-soluble vitamin, is crucial for calcium-phosphorus metabolism.
• Vitamin D receptors are widespread, indicating diverse physiological roles.
• Primary sources include UV sun radiation, diet, and supplementation, with skin producing 90% from solar exposure.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the sources, functions, and assessment of Vitamin D.
• To highlight the importance of sun exposure and dietary intake.
• To discuss the assessment and management of Vitamin D deficiency.

Main Methods:

• Literature review on Vitamin D metabolism and sources.
• Discussion of diagnostic methods for Vitamin D levels.
• Analysis of recommendations for supplementation and screening.

Main Results:

• The skin is the primary source of Vitamin D (90%) via UV radiation.
• Low Vitamin D levels (<20 ng/ml) indicate insufficiency.
• Universal Vitamin D screening is not recommended unless deficiency is suspected.

Conclusions:

• Vitamin D status is influenced by sun exposure, diet, and supplementation.
• Assessment of 25-hydroxycholecalciferol is key for diagnosing deficiency.
• Targeted assessment is preferred over universal screening for Vitamin D.