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Compact high-efficiency four-mode vortex beam generator within the telecom C-band.

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    We developed a highly efficient silicon photonic integrated vortex beam generator using superposed holographic fork gratings. A metal mirror boosts emission efficiency by ~5 dB, enabling broadband, polarization-diverse, and compact vortex beam applications.

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    Area of Science:

    • Photonics
    • Optical Engineering
    • Materials Science

    Background:

    • Vortex beams, which carry orbital angular momentum (OAM), are crucial for advanced optical applications.
    • Integrated vortex beam generators with high efficiency are needed for practical implementation.
    • Existing methods often face limitations in efficiency, bandwidth, or footprint.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To demonstrate a novel, highly efficient silicon photonic integrated vortex beam generator.
    • To enhance the emission efficiency of integrated vortex beam devices.
    • To explore broadband and polarization-diverse vortex beam generation in a compact form factor.

    Main Methods:

    • Fabrication of a silicon photonic integrated device utilizing superposed holographic fork gratings.
    • Integration of a metal mirror to enhance light emission efficiency.
    • Experimental characterization of the device's performance, including emission efficiency, bandwidth, and polarization properties.

    Main Results:

    • Achieved a highly efficient silicon photonic integrated vortex beam generator.
    • Demonstrated an enhancement in emission efficiency of approximately 5 dB due to the integrated metal mirror.
    • Confirmed broadband operation, polarization diversity, and a compact footprint for the device.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed silicon photonic integrated vortex beam generator offers significant improvements in efficiency.
    • The integrated metal mirror is key to enhancing emission efficiency by redirecting lost light.
    • The device's versatile features make it suitable for a wide range of applications requiring OAM beams.