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Updated: Aug 15, 2026

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Role of Diffusion MRI Tractography in Endoscopic Endonasal Skull Base Surgery
Published on: July 5, 2021
Forehead expansion and total nasal reconstruction
L L Bolton1, B Chandrasekhar, M E Gottlieb
1Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA.
Annals of Plastic Surgery
|September 1, 1988
Abstract:
Forehead flaps are the method of choice for total nasal reconstruction. However, if adequate skin is unavailable, tissue expansion of this donor site for subtotal nasal reconstruction seems logical, as has been described elsewhere. The literature, however, appears devoid of reports of using this technique when all the nasal structures are absent. We report on 3 patients for whom expanded forehead flaps provided poor long-term results because of late shrinkage.

