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Meningitis and encephalitis in Poland in 2017
Jakub Zbrzeźniak1, Iwona Paradowska-Stankiewicz1
1National Institute of Public Health – National Institute of Hygiene, Department of Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases and Surveillance
Przeglad Epidemiologiczny
|April 3, 2020
Summary
Meningitis and encephalitis cases decreased by 10.8% in Poland in 2017, with a notable increase in Neisseria meningitidis infections. Continued surveillance is crucial for these challenging neuroinfections.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Infectious Diseases
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Meningitis and encephalitis are common infectious diseases of the nervous system with bacterial and viral causes.
- Key pathogens include Neisseria meningitidis, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, and tick-borne encephalitis virus.
- Vaccinations are common for several causative agents.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the epidemiological situation of meningitis and encephalitis in Poland during 2017.
Main Methods:
- Data were sourced from the annual bulletins "Infectious diseases and poisoning in Poland in 2017" and "Vaccinations in Poland in 2017."
Main Results:
- A total of 2,095 cases were registered in Poland in 2017, a 10.8% decrease from 2016.
- While bacterial infections generally decreased, cases of Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae type B remained stable.
- Neisseria meningitidis infections increased by 25.4%, and viral infections constituted 57.9% of all cases.
Conclusions:
- A downward trend in meningitis and encephalitis cases may be linked to S. pneumoniae vaccination and improved diagnostics.
- Despite the decrease, meningitis and encephalitis continue to pose challenges to healthcare and epidemiological surveillance.
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