Biomineralization of 2304 duplex stainless steel with surface modification by electrophoretic deposition

A hydroxyapatite (HAp) coating on 2304 duplex stainless steel (DSS) through an electrophoretic deposition process has been investigated in this work. The deposition voltage was 30 V with a time of 2 min. Field emission scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analyses were used for the microstructural and chemical examination of coatings, respectively. The Ca to P ratio for the nano HAp coating on 2304 DSS has been determined as equal to 1.642. It was observed from X-ray diffraction patterns that HAp nanoparticles were successfully combined into the substrate. The corrosion behavior of all samples was tested in simulated body fluid using a potentiodynamic polarization study. A homogeneous structure with a thin crack-free layer was obtained. Moreover, the porosity of this coating was very low leading to a high corrosion resistance, thus promoting good biocompatibility.