Auramine O in foods and spices determined by an UPLC-MS/MS method

Auramine O (AO) is a banned food additive and has been classified as an illegal colourant. Therefore, the presence of AO in food should be strictly monitored. In this study, a sensitive UPLC-MS/MS method was applied to monitor AO in 211 food and spice samples. The optimised separation was achieved with a mobile phase consisting of 100 mM ammonium formate at pH 2.9 and acetonitrile, reversed-phase CORTECS T3 column (2.7 µm, 2.1 × 100 mm) operated at 40ºC with a gradient time of 20.0 min (0-95% methanol) at a flow rate of 0.3 mL/min. Limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) of the method were 0.1 μg/kg and 0.5 μg/kg, respectively. The results showed that 27.0% of samples were contaminated with AO. Considering the common consumption of sour bamboo shout and turmeric powder by so many consumers, AO exposure is significant and should be decreased.