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Obstructive sleep apnea in pediatric obesity and the effects of sleeve gastrectomy

Michelle L Kanney1, Kelli-Lee Harford1, Nikhila Raol2

  • 1Division of Pulmonology, Allergy, Cystic Fibrosis and Sleep Medicine, Emory University and Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, Georgia.

Seminars in Pediatric Surgery
|April 3, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Severe pediatric obesity is increasing, raising health risks like cardiovascular disease and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Weight loss, both surgical and non-surgical, can improve OSA in children.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Endocrinology
  • Sleep Medicine
  • Cardiovascular Health

Background:

  • Rising rates of severe pediatric obesity present significant health challenges.
  • Obesity in children is linked to increased risks of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases.
  • Children with obesity have a higher likelihood of developing obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the complex relationship between obstructive sleep apnea and pediatric obesity.
  • To analyze the impact of weight loss interventions on OSA in children.
  • To identify future research avenues concerning pediatric obesity and OSA.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review synthesizing current research on pediatric obesity and OSA.
  • Analysis of studies detailing non-surgical weight loss outcomes for pediatric OSA.
  • Examination of studies reporting surgical weight loss effects on pediatric OSA.

Main Results:

  • Pediatric obesity is strongly associated with an increased prevalence and severity of OSA.
  • Non-surgical weight loss interventions show potential for improving OSA symptoms in affected children.
  • Surgical weight loss interventions demonstrate significant improvements in OSA in pediatric populations.

Conclusions:

  • Obstructive sleep apnea is a common comorbidity of severe pediatric obesity.
  • Effective weight management strategies, including surgical and non-surgical approaches, can lead to substantial improvements in OSA.
  • Further research is needed to optimize treatment protocols and long-term outcomes for children with obesity and OSA.

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