Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Olfaction01:25

Olfaction

47.8K
The sense of smell is achieved through the activities of the olfactory system. It starts when an airborne odorant enters the nasal cavity and reaches olfactory epithelium (OE). The OE is protected by a thin layer of mucus, which also serves the purpose of dissolving more complex compounds into simpler chemical odorants. The size of the OE and the density of sensory neurons varies among species; in humans, the OE is only about 9-10 cm2.
The olfactory receptors are embedded in the cilia of the...
47.8K
Physiology of Smell and Olfactory Pathway01:20

Physiology of Smell and Olfactory Pathway

11.9K
Humans detect odors with the help of specialized cells located in the upper part of the nasal cavity, called olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs). ORNs possess hair-like structures called cilia, which are receptive to sensations from the inhaled air. When an odorant molecule binds to a specific receptor on the cell of the cilia, it leads to a series of events that ultimately cause the ORN to send electrical signals to the olfactory bulb in the brain through the olfactory nerves.
The olfactory...
11.9K
Olfactory Receptors: Location and Structure01:03

Olfactory Receptors: Location and Structure

11.0K
The process of olfaction, also known as the sense of smell, is a sophisticated chemical response system. The specialized sensory neurons that facilitate this process, known as olfactory receptor neurons, are situated in an upper segment of the nasal cavity, known as the olfactory epithelium. Olfactory sensory neurons are bipolar, with their dendrites extending from the epithelium's apex into the mucus that lines the nasal cavity. Airborne molecules, when inhaled, traverse the olfactory...
11.0K
Tactile and Chemical Senses01:27

Tactile and Chemical Senses

618
Tactile senses encompass touch, temperature, and pain, each mediated by specific receptors. Touch receptors detect mechanical energy or pressure against the skin. Sensory fibers from these receptors enter the spinal cord and relay information to the brain stem. Here, most fibers cross over to the opposite side of the brain. The touch information then moves to the thalamus, which projects a map of the body's surface onto the somatosensory areas of the parietal lobes in the cerebral cortex.
618
Introduction to Special Senses01:26

Introduction to Special Senses

7.2K
Sensory receptors play an integral part in comprehending our external and internal environments. They receive diverse stimuli, converting them into the nervous system's electrochemical signals. This conversion occurs as the stimulus alters the sensory neuron's cell membrane potential, instigating the generation of an action potential. This action potential is subsequently transmitted to the central nervous system (CNS), which integrates with other sensory data or higher cognitive...
7.2K
Sensory Perception: Organization of the Somatosensory System01:11

Sensory Perception: Organization of the Somatosensory System

10.9K
The somatosensory system is the central and peripheral nervous system component that senses and processes touch, pressure, pain, temperature, and body position or proprioception. The process of sensation takes place at three levels:
The receptor level:
The receptor level is the first stage of sensation. It involves the detection of a stimulus by specialized sensory receptors. The stimulus must arrive within the receptor's receptive field. Next, the receptor converts the energy of the...
10.9K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

A topographical organization in the primary olfactory cortex.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Increase in brain glycogen levels ameliorates Huntington's disease phenotype and rescues neurodegeneration in Drosophila.

Disease models & mechanisms·2023
Same author

Combinatorial encoding of odors in the mosquito antennal lobe.

Nature communications·2023
Same author

Serious Games Based on Cognitive Bias Modification and Learned Helplessness Paradigms for the Treatment of Depression: Design and Acceptability Study.

JMIR serious games·2023
Same author

An Unguided, Computerized Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Intervention (TreadWill) in a Lower Middle-Income Country: Pragmatic Randomized Controlled Trial.

Journal of medical Internet research·2023
Same author

Upstream γ-synchronization enhances odor processing in downstream neurons.

Cell reports·2022
Same journal

Fermentative iron reduction by a psychrotolerant Clostridium-dominant consortium enriched from Antarctic penguin-impacted soils.

Communications biology·2026
Same journal

Multilayer brain network analysis in mice reveals ketamine-induced reorganization of brain- wide fluctuations and gut-brain axis.

Communications biology·2026
Same journal

Myofiber-specific knockout of TGF-β type I receptors in mice concurrently drives muscle hypertrophy, oxidative metabolism, and absolute force.

Communications biology·2026
Same journal

The coccosphere of the heavy calcifying coccolithophore Coccolithus braarudii provides defense against bacteria.

Communications biology·2026
Same journal

Non-canonical role of Ku80 stabilizes Rab7A to enhance mitolysosome formation and chemotherapy in liver cancer.

Communications biology·2026
Same journal

In vivo tissue clearing with tartrazine and other dye molecules.

Communications biology·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 25, 2025

Real-time In Vitro Monitoring of Odorant Receptor Activation by an Odorant in the Vapor Phase
09:53

Real-time In Vitro Monitoring of Odorant Receptor Activation by an Odorant in the Vapor Phase

Published on: April 23, 2019

7.4K

Bilateral and unilateral odor processing and odor perception.

Tal Dalal1, Nitin Gupta2, Rafi Haddad3

  • 1The Gonda Multidisciplinary Brain Research Center, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 5290002, Israel.

Communications Biology
|April 3, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Odor perception achieves unity through shared information across brain hemispheres. Understanding olfactory inter-hemispheric coordination reveals how the brain integrates scent information for a cohesive experience.

More Related Videos

A Lateralized Odor Learning Model in Neonatal Rats for Dissecting Neural Circuitry Underpinning Memory Formation
10:42

A Lateralized Odor Learning Model in Neonatal Rats for Dissecting Neural Circuitry Underpinning Memory Formation

Published on: August 18, 2014

9.3K
Constructing an Olfactometer for Rodent Olfactory Behavior Studies Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Hyperscanning Study in Psychological Counseling
08:36

Constructing an Olfactometer for Rodent Olfactory Behavior Studies Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Hyperscanning Study in Psychological Counseling

Published on: April 11, 2025

710

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Dec 25, 2025

Real-time In Vitro Monitoring of Odorant Receptor Activation by an Odorant in the Vapor Phase
09:53

Real-time In Vitro Monitoring of Odorant Receptor Activation by an Odorant in the Vapor Phase

Published on: April 23, 2019

7.4K
A Lateralized Odor Learning Model in Neonatal Rats for Dissecting Neural Circuitry Underpinning Memory Formation
10:42

A Lateralized Odor Learning Model in Neonatal Rats for Dissecting Neural Circuitry Underpinning Memory Formation

Published on: August 18, 2014

9.3K
Constructing an Olfactometer for Rodent Olfactory Behavior Studies Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Hyperscanning Study in Psychological Counseling
08:36

Constructing an Olfactometer for Rodent Olfactory Behavior Studies Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Hyperscanning Study in Psychological Counseling

Published on: April 11, 2025

710

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Sensory Perception
  • Olfactory System Research

Background:

  • Perceptual unity in sensory systems typically relies on inter-hemispheric connections between similar cortical regions.
  • The olfactory system presents a unique challenge, lacking topographical organization and homotypic mapping between hemispheres, making its coordination mechanisms unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in understanding unilateral versus bilateral odor processing.
  • To elucidate the mechanisms by which odor information is shared across the two brain hemispheres.
  • To highlight the importance of studying inter-hemispheric coordination for a complete understanding of olfactory perception.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on olfactory processing and inter-hemispheric communication.
  • Analysis of studies investigating unilateral and bilateral odor information integration.
  • Synthesis of findings related to neural mechanisms of olfactory coordination.

Main Results:

  • Odor information is demonstrably shared across hemispheres to achieve perceptual unity.
  • The olfactory system's unique neural organization necessitates novel mechanisms for inter-hemispheric coordination.
  • Specific aspects of odor processing are identified as either unilateral or bilateral.

Conclusions:

  • Inter-hemispheric coordination is crucial for unified odor perception, despite the olfactory system's atypical organization.
  • Investigating olfactory inter-hemispheric communication provides unique insights not obtainable from a single-hemisphere focus.
  • Further research into these mechanisms is vital for a comprehensive understanding of how we perceive smells.