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Assessment of the Immunomodulatory Properties of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells MSCs
Published on: December 24, 2015
Cytoprotective effects of antioxidant supplementation on mesenchymal stem cell therapy
Mohammad Panahi1, Bahareh Rahimi2, Golbarg Rahimi3
1Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
Abstract:
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are earmarked as perfect candidates for cell therapy and tissue engineering due to their capacity to differentiate into different cell types. However, their potential for application in regenerative medicine declines when the levels of the reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) increase from the physiological levels, a phenomenon which is at least inevitable in ex vivo cultures and air-exposed damaged tissues. Increased levels of RONS can alter the patterns of osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation and inhibit proliferation, as well. Besides, oxidative stress enhances senescence and cell death, thus lowering the success rates of the MSC engraftment. Hence, in this review, we have selected some representatives of antioxidants and newly emerged nano antioxidants in three main categories, including chemical compounds, biometabolites, and protein precursors/proteins, which are proved to be effective in the treatment of MSCs. We will focus on how antioxidants can be applied to optimize the clinical usage of the MSCs and their associated signaling pathways. We have also reviewed several paralleled properties of some antioxidants and nano antioxidants which can be simultaneously used in real-time imaging, scaffolding techniques, and other applications in addition to their primary antioxidative function.
Insights
Antioxidants protect mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from oxidative stress, enhancing their use in regenerative medicine. This review covers antioxidants and nano antioxidants to improve MSC therapy and tissue engineering applications.
Area of Science:
- Biomedical Engineering
- Stem Cell Biology
- Regenerative Medicine
Background:
- Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are crucial for cell therapy and tissue engineering due to their differentiation potential.
- Ex vivo cultures and damaged tissues increase reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS), impairing MSC function.
- Oxidative stress inhibits MSC proliferation, differentiation, and survival, reducing therapeutic success.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review antioxidants and nano antioxidants for treating MSCs.
- To explore how antioxidants optimize MSC clinical applications and signaling pathways.
- To discuss dual-function antioxidants for imaging and scaffolding.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of antioxidants and nano antioxidants.
- Categorization of antioxidants into chemical compounds, biometabolites, and protein precursors/proteins.
- Analysis of antioxidant effects on MSCs and their associated pathways.
Main Results:
- Selected antioxidants and nano antioxidants effectively treat MSCs.
- Antioxidants mitigate RONS-induced damage, preserving MSC differentiation and proliferation.
- Nano antioxidants offer additional benefits like real-time imaging and scaffolding.
Conclusions:
- Antioxidants are vital for overcoming oxidative stress in MSC-based therapies.
- Optimizing MSCs with antioxidants enhances their regenerative potential.
- Novel nano antioxidants present versatile applications beyond their primary function.
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