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Countdown before voluntary exercise induces muscle vasodilation with baroreflex-mediated decrease in muscle

Kazumasa Manabe1, Shizue Masuki1,2, Yu Ogawa1

  • 1Department of Sports Medical Sciences, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan.

Journal of Applied Physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985)
|April 3, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A countdown before exercise triggers anticipatory cardiovascular adjustments, including increased heart rate and blood pressure. This response suppresses muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) via the baroreflex, promoting muscle vasodilation for enhanced oxygen delivery.

Keywords:
baroreflexmuscle blood flowmuscle sympathetic nerve activityprospective cardiovascular adjustmentvoluntary exercise

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Physiology
  • Exercise Physiology
  • Autonomic Nervous System Regulation

Background:

  • Anticipatory cardiovascular adjustments before exercise are known but mechanisms remain unclear.
  • The role of muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) in exercise onset vasodilation is not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if a countdown (CD) to voluntary cycling exercise induces prospective vascular adjustments.
  • To determine the involvement of MSNA in these anticipatory responses.

Main Methods:

  • Young men performed cycling exercise with or without a 30-s CD.
  • Measurements included middle cerebral artery blood flow velocity (V_MCA), heart rate (HR), arterial pressure (AP), oxygen consumption (V̇o2), muscle oxygen saturation, cardiac output (CO), total peripheral resistance (TPR), and MSNA.
  • Experiments involved both whole-body and single-leg cycling protocols.

Main Results:

  • The CD increased V_MCA, HR, CO, and mean AP, followed by decreased TPR and increased muscle oxygen saturation and V̇o2.
  • CD-induced increases in mean AP led to decreased MSNA and burst frequency via the baroreflex.
  • These effects resulted in decreased TPR and increased muscle oxygen saturation.

Conclusions:

  • A countdown before exercise initiates anticipatory cardiovascular adjustments, including cerebral and systemic hemodynamic changes.
  • This process involves baroreflex-mediated suppression of MSNA, leading to muscle vasodilation.
  • These adjustments facilitate increased oxygen consumption, potentially aiding exercise initiation.