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Related Concept Videos

Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Crohn's Disease01:30

Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Crohn's Disease

834
Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease, commonly known as IBD, refers to a collection of disorders that lead to persistent inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. The two types of IBD are ulcerative colitis, which impacts the colon, and Crohn's disease, which can involve any part of the gastrointestinal segment.
Crohn's disease
Crohn's disease is a chronic, systemic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that predominantly affects the gastrointestinal tract. It is marked by...
834
Chronic Bowel Disorders: Introduction01:17

Chronic Bowel Disorders: Introduction

697
Chronic bowel diseases are a group of long-term conditions affecting the digestive tract, characterized by inflammation and damage to the gut lining. These conditions primarily include irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel disease.
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a common disorder affecting the gastrointestinal tract. The distinctive feature is recurrent abdominal pain associated with altered bowel movements, manifesting as constipation, diarrhea, or fluctuating between both. The...
697
Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis01:27

Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis

768
Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease, or IBD, encompasses a group of disorders characterized by chronic inflammation or ulceration of the gastrointestinal tract.
Risk Factors
The exact cause of IBD remains unclear, although it is believed to be due to a mix of genetic, environmental, microbial, and immune factors. Genetic factors are significant in determining susceptibility to IBD, with family history being a critical risk factor. Individuals with a first-degree relative who has IBD are at...
768
Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Immunomodulatory Agents01:29

Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Immunomodulatory Agents

391
Crohn's disease is an inflammatory bowel disorder marked by chronic inflammation of the GI tract. Various treatment strategies for Crohn's disease are employed, such as immunomodulatory agents, glucocorticoids, and biologics or anti-TNF therapy. Azathioprine (Imuran), a commonly used immunomodulatory drug for Crohn's disease, is converted in the body to mercaptopurine, which inhibits purine biosynthesis and cell proliferation. Both are utilized in severe cases of Inflammatory Bowel...
391
Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Glucocorticoids01:21

Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Glucocorticoids

354
Glucocorticoids, a class of anti-inflammatory drugs, are pivotal in treating moderate to severe Crohn's disease by inducing remission. They exhibit their anti-inflammatory action by inhibiting the production of inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1, and chemokines like IL-8. In addition, they reduce the expression of inflammatory cell adhesion molecules and inhibit gene transcription of nitric oxide synthase, phospholipase A2, cyclooxygenase-2...
354
Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Biologic Agents: Anti-TNF01:24

Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Biologic Agents: Anti-TNF

382
Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF), a proinflammatory cytokine, contributes significantly to the inflammation seen in Crohn's disease. It exists as soluble TNF and membrane-bound TNF, with actions mediated through TNF receptors (TNFR). TNFR activation leads to the release of proinflammatory cytokines, T-cell activation, collagen production, and leukocyte migration, all contributing to inflammation in Crohn's disease. Anti-TNF monoclonal antibodies, namely infliximab (Remicade), adalimumab...
382

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 25, 2025

Chronic Salmonella Infection Induced Intestinal Fibrosis
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Crohn's disease.

Giulia Roda1, Siew Chien Ng2, Paulo Gustavo Kotze3

  • 1IBD Center, Department of Gastroenterology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center - IRCCS -, Rozzano, Italy.

Nature Reviews. Disease Primers
|April 4, 2020
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Crohn's disease, a progressive inflammatory bowel disease, requires early, aggressive treatment to prevent complications. Personalized management and novel therapies may alter its natural course, reducing hospitalizations and surgery.

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Immunology
  • Microbiomics

Background:

  • Crohn's disease is a chronic, progressive inflammatory bowel disease with increasing global incidence.
  • Its exact cause is unknown, though implicated factors include immune dysregulation, altered microbiota, genetics, and environmental influences.
  • Early onset necessitates long-term management to prevent flares and intestinal complications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current understanding of Crohn's disease pathogenesis and treatment.
  • To highlight the potential impact of early, aggressive therapies on disease progression.
  • To discuss future directions in personalized management and non-invasive monitoring.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on Crohn's disease.
  • Analysis of factors contributing to disease onset and progression.
  • Evaluation of current diagnostic methods and emerging therapeutic strategies.

Main Results:

  • Crohn's disease involves chronic inflammation across the GI tract, with unknown etiology.
  • Biologic therapies and novel small molecules show promise for altering disease trajectory.
  • Current diagnosis relies on endoscopy and histology, with less invasive biomarkers under development.

Conclusions:

  • Personalized treatment approaches are crucial for managing Crohn's disease.
  • Earlier, aggressive interventions can significantly improve patient outcomes and reduce complications.
  • Future management may incorporate prognostic factors and non-invasive monitoring for tailored care.