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Related Concept Videos

Analgesia and Pain Management01:25

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Pain is critical to various clinical pathologies, provoking an urgent need for effective management. Pain, whether acute or chronic, is a complex neurochemical process. Its alleviation depends on the type, with nonopioid analgesics effective for mild to moderate pain, such as musculoskeletal or inflammatory pain, while neuropathic pain responds best to anticonvulsants, tricyclic antidepressants, or serotonin/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors. For severe acute or chronic pain, opioids may be...
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Interdisciplinary Care: The Health Care Team-I01:21

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An interdisciplinary team includes many healthcare professionals working together and utilizing their skills, knowledge, and expertise to provide holistic and quality patient care.
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The craniofacial muscles are a collection of approximately 20 thin skeletal muscles situated beneath the skin of the face and scalp. These muscles, primarily responsible for the vast array of human facial expressions, originate from the bones or fibrous structures of the skull and extend outwards to connect with the skin. While most skeletal muscles in the body are enveloped in thick fascia, facial muscles generally have a more delicate fascial covering, with the buccinator muscle being a...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 25, 2025

Subcutaneous Trigeminal Nerve Field Stimulation for Refractory Facial Pain
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Facial pain – an interdisciplinary challenge

Mortimer Gierthmuehlen1, Petra Gierthmuehlen2, Alfons Hugger2

  • 1Neurochirurgische Klinik, Universitätsklinikum Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum, Deutschland

Swiss Dental Journal
|April 4, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Facial pain, often debilitating, stems from diverse causes beyond dental issues. A thorough patient history and multidisciplinary approach are key for accurate diagnosis and effective treatment of facial pain.

Keywords:
GesichtsschmerzTrigeminusneuralgieNeuropathieDifferenzialdiagnose

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Pain Medicine
  • Dentistry

Background:

  • Acute pain serves a vital protective function, essential for survival.
  • Chronic or recurrent pain represents a pathological condition significantly impacting patient quality of life.
  • Facial pain is a prevalent condition with multifactorial etiologies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the diverse causes of facial pain, emphasizing the need for differential diagnosis.
  • To underscore the importance of a comprehensive pain history in identifying non-dental origins of facial pain.
  • To advocate for a multidisciplinary approach in managing complex facial pain cases.

Main Methods:

  • Review of potential causes of facial pain, including neurological, infectious, systemic, and vascular origins.
  • Emphasis on detailed patient pain history to differentiate dental from non-dental causes.
  • Consideration of advanced imaging modalities for diagnosis.

Main Results:

  • Facial pain can arise from trigeminal nerve involvement (tumors, injury), infections, systemic diseases (e.g., multiple sclerosis), and nerve compressions.
  • Excluding dental causes through detailed history is critical before initiating invasive dental treatments.
  • A systematic evaluation is necessary to pinpoint the exact cause of facial pain.

Conclusions:

  • Facial pain requires a broad diagnostic perspective, extending beyond common dental considerations.
  • Accurate diagnosis of facial pain necessitates a thorough patient evaluation, often involving specialists.
  • Optimal management of facial pain benefits from a collaborative, multidisciplinary strategy incorporating advanced diagnostics.