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High-Rate, High-Fidelity Entanglement of Qubits Across an Elementary Quantum Network
L J Stephenson1, D P Nadlinger1, B C Nichol1
1Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Clarendon Laboratory, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom.
Physical Review Letters
|April 4, 2020
Summary
Researchers achieved remote entanglement of trapped-ion qubits using a quantum-optical fiber link. This breakthrough nears the performance of local operations, paving the way for advanced quantum networks.
Area of Science:
- Quantum Information Science
- Atomic Physics
- Quantum Optics
Background:
- Quantum entanglement is crucial for quantum computing and communication.
- Remote entanglement is challenging due to decoherence and photon loss.
- Trapped ions are promising qubits due to their long coherence times.
Purpose of the Study:
- To demonstrate high-fidelity remote entanglement of trapped-ion qubits.
- To establish a quantum-optical fiber link for entangling distant qubits.
- To achieve entanglement rates comparable to local operations.
Main Methods:
- Entangling two strontium-88 ion (Sr+) qubits using photon polarization.
- Coupling spontaneously emitted photons to single-mode optical fibers with high-numerical-aperture lenses.
- Utilizing a novel geometry for efficient photon collection and maintaining ion-photon entanglement fidelity.
- Interfering photons on a beam splitter to generate heralded Bell pairs.
Main Results:
- Achieved 94% fidelity for heralded Bell pairs.
- Generated entangled qubits at an average rate of 182 s⁻¹.
- Demonstrated success probability of 2.18×10⁻⁴.
- Approached fidelity and rate of local entanglement operations.
Conclusions:
- Successfully demonstrated remote entanglement of trapped-ion qubits via a quantum-optical fiber link.
- The developed methods enable high-efficiency photon collection and maintain high entanglement fidelity.
- The results represent a significant step towards scalable quantum networks and distributed quantum computing.
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