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Tunable Diffraction Gratings from Biosourced Lyotropic Liquid Crystals.

Yuanyuan Cao1,2, Pei-Xi Wang2, Francesco D'Acierno2,3

  • 1Stewart Blusson Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, 2355 East Mall, British Columbia, Vancouver, V6T 1Z4, Canada.

Advanced Materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)
|April 4, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed a new, cost-effective method for creating optical diffraction gratings using plant-derived cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs). This biosourced lyotropic liquid crystal (LC) approach offers a simpler fabrication process for advanced optical components.

Keywords:
cellulose nanocrystalschiral nematic ordercolloidal liquid crystalsdiffraction gratingsmagnetic field alignment

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Optics
  • Biomaterials

Background:

  • Diffraction gratings are crucial for optical devices like multiplexers and signal processors.
  • Current thermotropic liquid crystal (LC) gratings are often expensive and complex to manufacture.
  • Lyotropic LCs, sourced naturally or synthetically, have not been utilized for optical gratings.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a facile and cost-effective method for fabricating diffraction gratings.
  • To explore the application of biosourced lyotropic liquid crystals (LCs) in optical grating fabrication.
  • To demonstrate the optical properties and tunability of CNC-based gratings.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of hydrogel sheets using cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) as a lyotropic LC.
  • Utilizing gravity-induced phase separation and magnetic fields for LC orientation.
  • Fixing the oriented CNC-LC within polymer networks to create periodic structures.

Main Results:

  • Achieved vertically aligned, uniform periodic structures in hydrogel sheets.
  • Demonstrated up to sixth-order diffraction spots from the fabricated gratings.
  • Exhibited linear polarization selectivity and tunable grating periodicity via LC concentration.

Conclusions:

  • Introduced a novel, facile grating fabrication method using biosourced lyotropic LCs (CNCs).
  • This strategy offers a cost-effective and simpler alternative to traditional grating manufacturing.
  • Opens new avenues for optical materials derived from lyotropic LCs, applicable to various grating types.