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Neonatal Vitamin D Status and Risk of Asthma in Childhood: Results from the D-Tect Study

Fanney Thorsteinsdottir1, Isabel Cardoso1, Amélie Keller1

  • 1Research Unit for Dietary Studies, The Parker Institute, Bisbebjerg og Frederiksberg Hospital, Nordre Fasanvej 57, 2000 Frederiksberg, Denmark.

Nutrients
|April 5, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Low vitamin D in newborns may increase the risk of childhood asthma. Higher neonatal vitamin D levels were associated with a reduced risk of asthma development in children aged 3-9 years.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Allergy and Immunology
  • Nutritional Epidemiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Low maternal vitamin D status during pregnancy is linked to impaired offspring lung function and increased risk of childhood asthma.
  • Neonatal vitamin D status is a potential indicator of prenatal vitamin D exposure and its impact on early development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between neonatal vitamin D levels and the incidence of asthma in children aged 3-9 years.
  • To determine if higher neonatal vitamin D concentrations correlate with a lower risk of developing childhood asthma.

Main Methods:

  • A case-cohort study design was employed using Danish biobank and register data.
  • Asthma cases (n=911) and a sub-cohort (n=1423) were selected from children born between 1992-2002.
  • Weighted Cox proportional hazard models analyzed the association between neonatal 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25(OH)D3) quintiles and asthma incidence.

Main Results:

  • Median 25(OH)D3 levels were 23 nmol/L for asthma cases and 25 nmol/L for the sub-cohort.
  • Children in the highest quintile of neonatal 25(OH)D3 had a reduced hazard ratio for developing asthma (adjusted HR: 0.55; 95% CI: 0.39-0.77) compared to the lowest quintile.
  • This association remained significant after adjusting for potential confounders.

Conclusions:

  • Higher neonatal vitamin D concentrations are associated with a reduced risk of developing asthma between ages 3-9 years.
  • Neonatal vitamin D status serves as a proxy for prenatal vitamin D sufficiency, crucial for normal immune and lung development.
  • These findings highlight the potential importance of optimizing vitamin D levels during pregnancy to prevent childhood asthma.
Abstract

Keywords:
asthmachildhoodneonatalvitamin D

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