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Related Concept Videos

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James Clerk Maxwell formulated a single theory combining all the electric and magnetic effects scientists knew during that time, calling the phenomena his theory predicted “Electromagnetic waves”. He brought together all the work that had been done by brilliant physicists such as Oersted, Coulomb, Gauss, and Faraday and added his own insights to develop the overarching theory of electromagnetism. Maxwell’s equations, combined with the Lorentz force law, encompass all the laws...
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Plasmapause surface wave oscillates the magnetosphere and diffuse aurora.

Fei He1,2, Rui-Long Guo3, William R Dunn4

  • 1Key Laboratory of Earth and Planetary Physics, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100029, China.

Nature Communications
|April 5, 2020
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Scientists observed plasmapause surface waves, which drive sawtooth auroras and energy dissipation during geomagnetic storms. These findings reveal a crucial process in space weather dynamics.

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Area of Science:

  • Geospace energy circulation
  • Space weather dynamics
  • Inner magnetosphere physics

Background:

  • The inner magnetosphere features a sharp plasmapause boundary separating the plasmasphere from the hot ring current/plasma sheet.
  • Theoretical models predict plasmapause surface waves, but direct observational evidence has been lacking.
  • These waves are hypothesized to be a source of geomagnetic pulsations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide direct observational evidence of plasmapause surface waves.
  • To investigate the role of these waves in magnetospheric dynamics and space weather.
  • To understand their contribution to geomagnetic storm phenomena.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized multi-satellite observations.
  • Integrated ground-based measurements.
  • Analyzed data during a geomagnetic storm event.

Main Results:

  • Directly observed a plasmapause surface wave in the afternoon-dusk sector.
  • Documented the wave's oscillation of the plasmapause boundary.
  • Linked the wave to the triggering of sawtooth auroral displays and outward-propagating ultra-low frequency waves.

Conclusions:

  • Plasmapause surface waves are a key driver of sawtooth auroras.
  • These waves are a systematic and crucial process in space energy dissipation during geomagnetic storms.
  • Observed phenomenon occurred in over 90% of geomagnetic storms between 2014-2018.