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[Axillary nerve injury associated with shoulder dislocation: case report].
E Ochoa-Castañeda1, Y González-Fang1, D Portilla-Maya2
1Clínica Erasmo Ltda, Colombia.
Acta Ortopedica Mexicana
|April 5, 2020
Summary
Isolated axillary nerve injuries are rare, often linked to brachial plexus damage. A case study highlights a complete axillary nerve lesion post-shoulder dislocation and fracture surgery, showing no reinnervation.
Area of Science:
- Orthopedic Surgery
- Neurology
Background:
- Isolated axillary nerve injuries are uncommon, typically occurring as part of a broader brachial plexus injury.
- The incidence of such isolated lesions is reported as low, with a 0.4% frequency observed in one institution between 2015-2017.
Observation:
- A 31-year-old male sustained a right shoulder injury from a fall at work.
- Radiographic findings revealed an anterior inferior glenohumeral dislocation with an associated greater tubercle fracture.
- The patient underwent surgical intervention, including closed reduction and osteosynthesis.
Findings:
- Post-operatively, the patient developed significant deltoid muscle atrophy.
- Electromyography confirmed a complete axillary nerve lesion.
- The nerve showed no signs of reinnervation, indicating a severe injury.
Implications:
- This case underscores the potential for severe axillary nerve damage even after seemingly successful surgical management of shoulder dislocations and fractures.
- It highlights the importance of vigilant post-operative monitoring and electrodiagnostic evaluation for nerve injuries.
- Further research into preventative strategies and treatment options for axillary nerve lesions is warranted.
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